january 2020 reward,2020年托福独立口语高频话题一览表

本文目录一览：

• 1、英文日期年月缩写
• 2、due怎么读
• 3、关于春节英语手抄报内容
• 4、英文在线翻译
• 5、帮我找暑假作业要求的作文..![200分]
• 6、2020年托福独立口语高频话题一览表
• 7、以“My dream 2020”为题的英语作文
• 8、英语单词大全
• 9、克《生命之书》1月之“了解自我”
• 10、求助翻译一下文

英文日期年月缩写

英文缩写(英语星期月份等)星期
　　星期一： Mon.=Monday
　　星期二： Tues.=Tuesday
　　星期三：Wed.=Wednesday
　　星期四： Thur.=Thurday
　　星期五： Fri.=Friday
　　星期六： Sat.=Saturday
　　星期天： Sun.=Sunday
　　月份
　　一月份＝JAN. Jan.=January
　　二月份＝FEB. Feb.=February
　　三月份＝MAR. Mar.=March
　　四月份＝APR. Apr.=April
　　五月份＝MAY May=May
　　六月份＝JUN. Jun.=June
　　七月份＝JUL. Jul.=July
　　八月份＝AUG. Aug.=August
　　九月份＝SEP. Sept.=September
　　十月份＝OCT. Oct.=October
　　十一月份＝NOV. Nov.=November
　　十二月份＝DEC. Dec.=December
　　注意：“.”不能省略！！！
　　这里给大家个例子，比如今天2007年3月20日 Mar.20，2007
　　写日期时，可以用基数词（避免出现不必要的失误）1，2，3，4，5，。。。。。28，29，30，31等。
　　怎样用英语表达年、月、日
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　　一、年份
　　在英语中,年份一般用阿拉伯数字写出,其读。写方法有以下几种:
　　1、四位数的年份,一般前两个数为一个单位,后两个数为一个单位,依次按基数词读出。如:
　　 1763年写作:1763读作:seventeen sixty-three或seventeen hundred and sixty-three
　　2006年写作:2006。读作:two thousand and six
　　2063年写作:2063。读作:twenty sixtythree或twenty hundred and sixty-three
　　1050年写作:1050。读作:ten fifty或ten hundred and fifty 海量范文写作 http://WWW.HAO37.NET/
　　2、三位数的年份,可以按基数词读出,或者第一个数字为一个单位,后两个数字为一个单位,按基数词读出。如:
　　 385年写作:385。读作:three hundred and eighty-five或three eighty-five
　　509年写作:509。读作:five hundred and nine或five O nine
　　3、两位数的年份,直接按基数词读出。如:
　　公元前59年写作:59 B.C. 读作:fifty-nine B.C. (B.C. /`bi：`si：/是英文before Christ/kraist/的缩写,用在年份后,表示"公元前……年"。)
　　 公元8年写作:8 A.D. 读作:eight A.D.(A.D.是拉丁文Anno Domini /` AnEu`dCminai/的缩写,用在年份后,表示"公元……年"。在不会引起误解的情况下常将其省略。)
　　二、月份
　　 月份开头第一个字母必须大写。"……月上/中/下旬"的表达方式为:early/mid/late 月份名称。如:
　　early February二月上旬；mid-February二月中旬；late February二月下旬。
　　 三、日期
　　日期用序数词表示,书写时,序数词前的the和词尾(-st,-nd,-rd,-th)可省略,但读时要念出来。如:
　　4月21日写作:April 21(st)读作：the twenty-first of April(英)/April twenty-first(美)
　　四、年月日
　　表示某年某月某日,按"月份 日期的序数词 年份"写出,年份前常用逗号。如:1993年9月2日写作:September 2(nd), 1993
　　当月、日完全用阿拉伯数字表示时,英美人的表达习惯不同,英国人把日放在月之前,美国人把月放在日之前。如6/5在英国表示May the sixth,而在美国则表示June the fifth。
　　常用词
　　VIP = very improtant person重要人物
　　IMP (import)进口
　　EXP (export)出口
　　MAX (maximum)最大的、的最大限度的
　　MIN (minimum)最小的，最低限度
　　DOC (document)文件、的单据
　　INT (international)国际的
　　EMS (express mail special)特快传递
　　IRC（International Red Cross）国际红十字会
　　UNESCO（the United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural organization）联合国教科文组织
　　W.C（water closet）
　　CIA(central intelligence agence)美国中情局
　　FBI(feberal bureau of investigation)美国联邦调查局
　　FA(football association)足协
　　4＝FOR
　　到永远＝FOREVER
　　2＝TO RTN＝RETURN(送回)
　　BT＝BLOOD TYPE(血型)
　　PLS＝PLEASE(请)
　　BD＝BIRTHDAY(生日)
　　REWARD＝酬谢
　　REWARD 4 RETURN＝送回有酬谢
　　ALLRG＝过敏
　　军事术语
　　USMC＝海军陆战队 NAVY＝海军
　　AF＝AIR FORCE(空军) ARMY＝陆军
　　宗教类
　　C＝CHRISTIANISM(基督教)
　　J＝JUDAISM(犹太教)
　　C＝CATHOLICISM(天主教)
　　B＝BUDDHISM(佛教)
　　I＝ISLAM（伊斯兰教）
　　NR＝NO REFERENCE(没有宗教信仰)
　　星座
　　水瓶座： AQUARIUS（1月21日 - 2月19日）
　　双鱼座： PISCES（2月20日 - 3月20日 ）
　　白羊座： ARIES （3月21日 - 4月20日 ）
　　金牛座： TAURUS（4月21日 - 5月21日）
　　双子座： GEMINI（5月22日 - 6月21日 ）
　　巨蟹座： CANCER（6月22日 - 7月23日 ）
　　狮子座： LEO（7月24日 - 8月23日）
　　处女座： VIRGO（8月24日 - 9月23日 ）
　　天秤座： LIBRA （9月24日 - 10月23日 ）
　　天蝎座： SCORPIUS（10月24日 - 11月22日 ）
　　人马座： SAGITTARIUS（11月23日 - 12月21日 ）
　　山羊座： CAPRICORNUS （12月22日 - 1月20日 ）
　　1. 国际性或全美性：
　　UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural organization）联合国教育科学文化组织（也叫国际文教组织）
　　例如： (The）UNESCO has made some contributions to the world.（UNESCO 对世界做出一些贡献）
　　NATO（North Atlantic Treaty organization）北大西洋公约组织。
　　例如：Could（the）NATO members stick to their commitments？（NATO 的成员能坚守承担义务吗？)
　　SALT（Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty）战略武器限制公约
　　例如：Should every nation join（the）SALT？（每个国家都要加入 SALT？）
　　NASA（National Aeronautics and Space Administration）美国航天太空总署
　　例句：The U.S. space programs depend on the performances of NASA.（美国的太空计画是靠NASA的表现而定。）
　　(注：以上缩写字也被人们当做一个字看待）
　　WHO（World Health organization）世界卫生组织
　　例句：Taiwan has been trying to become one of the WHO members.（台湾一直想办法成为WHO的成员之一）
　　FBI（Federal Bureau of Investigation）联邦调查局（负责美国境内）
　　CIA（Central Intelligence Agency）中央情报局（负责国外）
　　例句：Over the past years, Dr. and Mrs. Lee have worked for both FBI and CIA.（过去多年来李博士夫妇都为 FBI 和 CIA 工作）
　　FDA（Food and Drug Administration）美国食品药物管理局
　　例句：This new drug has to be approved by the FDA.（这新药要经 FDA 批准）
　　USDA（United States Department of Agriculture）美国农业部
　　例句：USDA supplies myriad of information on agriculture market.（有关农业市场，USDA 供应大量资料。）
　　IRS（Internal Revenue Service）美国税务局
　　例句：Employees working for IRS should be courteous toward tax payers.（IRS 员工对纳税人应该有礼貌）
　　NAACP（National Association for the Advancement of Color People）(全国黑人权益促进会，即黑人为了增进权益的最大机构）
　　例句：Many African－Americans join NAACP.（许多美国黑人参加 NAACP）
　　NIH（National Institute of Health）
　　例句：Mr. Wang has worked at NIH as a researcher.（王先生在 NIH 担任研究员）
　　AARP (American Association of Retired People.)（美国退休人员协会）
　　例句：At age 50, you are eligible to be a member of AARP.（如果你 50 岁就可以成为 AARP 的会员)
　　AAUP (American Association of University Professors) (美国大学教授协会）
　　例句：The AAUP has many branches at different colleges and universities in the U.S. (AAUP 在美国各大学有很多分会)
　　SCORE (Services Corps of Retired Executives)（退休主管服务队）(这是美国企业界主管退休后，免费担任顾问，协助年轻人创业的团体。）
　　(注意：corps 单复数一样，发音与 corpse 不同，要小心。）
　　(注：老外在机构名称缩写字前面，有时加冠词 the, a ,an，有时不加，不过在正式文件里，通常都加。）
　　2. 一般考试名称：
　　SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test) 学术能力倾向测验 (就是美国为高中生想进大学而设的考试)
　　例句：The well－known universities accept new students based on SAT scores and well－rounded personalities. (名大学接受新生根据 SAT 成绩及各方面优良的品德)
　　GPA (Grade Point Average)（学业成绩总平均）
　　例句：His GPA always stands on the top of his class. (他的 GPA 都是全班第一)
　　GED (General Equivalent Diploma); 一般同等文凭（高中没有毕业的学生，如果参加 GED，及格后，就可取得高中毕业证书)
　　例句：If he passes GED test, he will earn a high school diploma.
　　AP (advanced placement) 在校高中生，如果选修 AP 课程，考试及格，将来进大学时，可不必再修。
　　例句：His son took some AP courses at high school.
　　GMAT (Graduate Management Admission Test) 美国为攻读企管硕士 (MBA) 学生而设的入学考试
　　例句：In order to enter a MBA program, you need a high score on GMAT.
　　LSAT (Law School Admission Test) 美国为攻读法律学生而设的入学考试
　　例句：He did very well in his LSAT. (他的 LSAT 考得不错)
　　MCAT (Medical College Admission Test) 美国为进入医学院学生而设的考试
　　例句：Do you think he will do well in his MCAT?
　　GRE (Graduate Record Exam) 这是美国大学研究所对一般研究生的入学考试
　　例句：Most American graduate schools require GRE scores.(多半美国研究所需要 GRE 成绩)
　　TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) 外国学生想进美国大学的英语能力考试(即所谓：「托福」考试)
　　例句：Almost all Chinese college graduates are required to take TOEFL if they come to the U.S. for advanced degrees. (几乎所有的中国大学毕业生都要参加 TOEFL，假如他们要到美国取得高学位的话。)
　　CLEP（College Level Exam Program) 任何人只要有学识专长，都可参加这种考试，一旦及格，就可取得大学的学分。
　　例句：As long as you pass CLEP, You may earn college credits.（只要你通过 CLEP，就能获得大学学分。）
　　(注：老外一般所谓「大学」只说 College，不说 University）
　　ESOL（English for Speakers of Other Languages） 这是美国为新来移民或外国学生所设的特别英语课程。也叫 ESL（English as a Second Language）
　　例句：Many American campuses offer ESOL courses for foreign students.（许多美国校园为外国学生开设 ESOL 课程）
　　3. 一般生活方面：
　　EOE (Equal Opportunity Employer) 这是美国各机构招考员工时向申请工作者表明自己是「平等机会雇主」。
　　例句：All African-Americans hope that their employments will be based on EOE.（所有美国黑人都希望他们的工作机会均等）
　　DOQ (Depending on Qualifications) 根据申请工作者的资历决定是否雇用。
　　例句：The DOQ policy is being used by our school in hiring new teachers. (聘请新教师时，本校采用 DOQ 政策。)
　　PR (Public Relation) 公共关系
　　例句：The college president wants to improve its PR with the community.（大学校长想与社区增进公共关系）
　　CEO (Chief Executive Officer) 最高行政执行长 (多半指企业界或公司领导人)
　　例句：The CEO of this company will resign because of poor health. (这公司的 CEO 因为身体不好而辞职)
　　CPA (Certified Public Accountant) 美国有执照的会计师
　　例句：Do you have a CPA to prepare your income tax?（你有 CPA 为你报税吗？）
　　COLA (Cost of Living Adjustment) 生活费用的调整（即加薪时是按生活指数而定）
　　例句：Our annual pay raise will be based on COLA.
　　STD (Sexually Transmitted Disease) = VD = Venereal Disease 性病（现在 STD 较常用）
　　例句：Many teen-agers face STD problems.（许多青少年面临 STD 问题）
　　SOA (Sexually oriented Advertisement) 有关性方面的广告
　　例句：Don\’t you feel we have too much SOA in the media?（你不认为在媒体上有太多的 SOA 吗？）
　　GOP (Grand Old Party) 美国共和党另一称呼 = Republican Party
　　例句：The GOP has nominated Mr. Bush as its Presidential candidate.（GOP 已提名 Bush 先生为总统候选人）
　　PMS (Pre-menstrual Syndrome) 这是女人在月经前不舒服或心情不好所常用的缩写字
　　例句：Don\’t bother her; she has PMS.
　　ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) 指青少年不能集中注意力，静不下来的一种病症。
　　例句：Tens of thousands of youngsters are suffering from ADHD in the U.S. (在美国成千上万的青少年有 ADHD 的毛病)
　　RSVP (Respondez sil vous plait) 这是法文，通常在请帖上使用的「敬请回音」= Please reply（或 respond）
　　例句：There is“RSVP”on the invitation card.
　　BYOB (bring your own bottle) 老外请客时，为了减少负担或个人爱好酒的品种，在请帖上注明「请自己带酒」。
　　例句：Whenever he invites guests, he asks “BYOB”。 (他只要请客，就要人家自己带酒。)
　　AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Sydrome) 爱滋病
　　例句：AIDS has spread all over the world.
　　CPR (Cardiopulmonary resuscitation) 心脏病急救法
　　例句：Everyone should learn how to do CPR.
　　EKG (Electrocardiography) 心电图检查 (不是 ECG)
　　例句：Her physician asks her to have an EKG next week. (医生要她下周做 EKG)
　　IV (intravenous injection) 为病人注射的点滴
　　例句：In the hospital emergency room, I saw a patient with an IV on his arm. (在医院大的急诊病房里，我看见一个病人在打点滴）
英文日期格式及缩写
英式日期格式：22nd,July,2018 或 22,july,2018格式为：日,月,年
美式日期格式：july 22nd,2018或 july 22,2018 格式为：月 日,年
拓展资料：
月份的英语缩写 :
1月 January Jan. 2 月 February Feb.
3月 March Mar. 4月 April Apr.
5月 May May. 6月 June Jun.
7月 July Jul. 8月 August Aug.
9月 September Sept. 10月 October Oct.
11月 November Nov. 12月 December Dec.
星期的英语缩写 : (注意:星期二﹑四是四位缩写)
星期一：Monday 缩写Mon. 星期二：Tuesday 缩写Tues.
星期三：Wednesday 缩写Wed. 星期四：Thursday 缩写Thus.
星期五：Friday 缩写Fri. 星期六：Saterday 缩写Sat.
星期日：Sunday 缩写Sun
英文日期年月缩写——百度文库
星期一至日 Mon. Tue. Wed. Thur. 或 Thurs.(牛津现代英汉双解词典) Fri. Sat. Sun. 一至十二月份 Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 注意：“.”不能省略！！！ =======================================
满意的话希望采纳o(∩_∩)o ...
date曰期year年份
月份的英语缩写 :
1月 January Jan. 2 月 February Feb.
3月 March Mar. 4月 April Apr.
5月 May May. 6月 June Jun.
7月 July Jul. 8月 August Aug.
9月 September Sept. 10月 October Oct.
11月 November Nov. 12月 December Dec
英文星期缩写：星期一 Mon.星期二 Tues.星期三Wed.星期四 Thur.星期五 Fri.星期六 Sat.。星期天 Sun。（缩写的时候后面的点不能去掉）
月份的英语缩写 :一月 Jan. 二月 Feb. 三月 Mar. 四月 Apr. 五月 May 六月 Jun. 七月 Jul. 八月 Aug. 九月 Sept.十月 Oct.十一月 Nov.十二月（缩写的时候后面的点不能去掉）
英文日期缩写：1st 、2nd、 3rd 、4th、 5th、 6th、 7th、 8th、 9th 、10th ；11th 、12th 、13th 、14th 、15th 、16th、 17th 、18th、 19th、 20th ；21st、 22nd 、23rd、 24th、 25th 、26th、 27th 、28th 、29th、 30th 、31st。
扩展资料：
日期用序数词表示,书写时序数词前的the和词尾(-st,-nd,-rd,-th)可省略,但读时要念出来。
表示某年某月某日,按月份日期的序数词年份写出,年份前常用逗号。如:1993年9月2日写作:September 2(nd), 1993
四位数的年份,一般前两个数为一个单位,后两个数为一个单位,依次按基数词读出。三位数的年份,可以按基数词读出,或者第一个数字为一个单位,后两个数字为一个单位,按基数词读出。

due怎么读

due的读音是：英[dju_]。due的读音是：英[dju_]。due的详尽释义是adj.(形容词)适当的，合适的，恰当的应有的，正当的预期的，预计的到期的应支付的预定的，约定的。due的意思是adj.应有的；到期的；预定的；应付的；n.应得物；会费。一、详尽释义点此查看due的详细内容adj.(形容词)适当的，合适的，恰当的应有的，正当的预期的，预计的到期的应支付的预定的，约定的n.(名词)应有的权利，应得权益，当然权利应得到的东西，应得之物，应得的份额应付款，应缴款（如俱乐部会费）税金，手续费正当报酬当然权利adv.(副词)正向地，正对着，正向着确切地，精确地正好地直接地prep.(介词)因为，由于v.(动词)赋予二、双解释义adj.(形容词)[P]应支付,应给予,欠下owedasadebtoranobligation[P]应有,应得到owedsth;deservingsth[P]到期的requiringimmediatepayment[P]预定,约定,预期scheduled;arranged;expected[A]适当的,正当的,适宜的suitable;right;proper三、词典解释1.由于;因为Ifaneventisduetosomething,ithappensorexistsasadirectresultofthatthing.e.g.Thecountry'seconomicproblemsarelargelyduetotheweaknessoftherecovery...该国的经济问题很大程度上是因为复苏乏力。e.g.Ifthetripisasuccess,alotofthiswillbeduetoMrGreen'sefforts.如果说这次旅行获得了成功,那很大程度上要归功于格林先生的努力。2.由于,因为(构成原因状语,有些英语国家的人认为该用法不正确)Youcansayduetotointroducethereasonforsomethinghappening.SomespeakersofEnglishbelievethatitisnotcorrecttouseduetointhisway.e.g.DuetothelargevolumeoflettershereceivesDaveregretsheisunabletoanswerqueriespersonally...因信件数量繁多,戴夫无法亲自答复提出的问题，他为此表示歉意。e.g.JobscouldbelostinthedefenceindustryduetopoliticalchangessweepingEurope.因横扫欧洲的政治变故,国防行业中有些人可能会失业。3.到期的;预期的;预定到达的Ifsomethingisdueataparticulartime,itisexpectedtohappen,bedone,orarriveatthattime.e.g.Theresultsaredueattheendofthemonth...预计月底会有结果。e.g.ThefirstpriceincreasesareduetocomeintoforceinJuly...第一批提价预计将在7月开始执行。4.适当的;适合的;充分的Dueattentionorconsiderationistheproper,reasonable,ordeservedamountofitunderthecircumstances.e.g.Afterdueconsiderationitwasdecidedtosendhimawaytolivewithfosterparents...充分考虑之后决定将他送到养父母那儿生活。e.g.Idohopethatpeoplewillmakeuseoffootpathsandtreatthemwithdueattentionthatisneeded.我真希望人们使用人行道并给予应有的关注。5.应有的;应得的;应得到的Somethingthatisdue,orthatisduetosomeone,isowedtothem,eitherasadebtorbecausetheyhavearighttoit.e.g.Iwassentachequefor￡1,525andadvisedthatnofurtherpensionwasdue...我收到了一张1,525英镑的支票，并被告知我应得的养老金到此为止。e.g.I'vegotsomeleaveduetomeandIwasgoingtoTasmaniaforafortnight.我打算利用应享有的假期去塔斯马尼亚呆两周。6.(期待很长时间后)预期应得的,预计应到的Ifsomeoneisdueforsomething,thatthingisplannedtohappenorbegiventothemnow,orverysoon,oftenaftertheyhavebeenwaitingforitforalongtime.e.g.Thedeputychiefinspectorrangmeupandsaid,'MissSmith,youknowyouaredueforamove?'...副总督察给我打电话说,“史密斯小姐,你知道你要搬家了吗？”e.g.Heisnotdueforreleaseuntil2020.他要到2020年才能被释放。7.会（员）费Duesaresumsofmoneythatyougiveregularlytoanorganizationthatyoubelongto,forexampleasocialclubortradeunion,inordertopayforbeingamember.e.g.Only18oftheUN's180membershadpaidtheirduesbytheJanuarydeadline.在一月最后期限前联合国180个成员国只有18个缴纳了会费。8.(用在north，south，east或west前表示方向)正Dueisusedbeforethewords'north','south','east',or'west'toindicatethatsomethingisinexactlythedirectionmentioned.e.g.Theyheadedduenorth...他们朝正北方向行进了。e.g.TheThamesflowsduesouthfromOxford,throughthemarkettownofAbingdon.泰晤士河从牛津向正南方向流去，穿过阿宾顿的集镇。9.在适当的时候;到一定的时候Ifyousaythatsomethingwillhappenortakeplaceinduecourse,youmeanthatyoucannotmakeithappenanyquickeranditwillhappenwhenthetimeisrightforit.due的翻译e.g.Induecoursethebabywasborn...婴儿足月降生了。e.g.Thearrangementswillbepublishedinduecourse.计划将在适当的时候公布。10.给?以应有的评价;公道地对待?Youcansay'togivehimhisdue',or'givinghimhisdue'whenyouareadmittingthattherearesomegoodthingsaboutsomeone,eventhoughtherearethingsthatyoudonotlikeaboutthem.due的近义词e.g.TogiveLindaherdue,shehadtriedtoencourageJohninhisschoolwork.说句公道话,琳达努力规劝过约翰要好好学习。e.g.Youcansay'withduerespect'whenyouareabouttodisagreepolitelywithsomeone.(发表不同意见前的谦语)恕我冒昧,恕我直言四、例句Whenitcomestogivingduerespecttotheoldpeople,shefeelsabituneasy.说到给老人应有的尊敬,她有些不自在。TheBBCmustensurethatdueimpartialityispreservedinitsnewsprogrammes.英国广播公司必须确保新闻节目保持应有的公正。Ifyou'regoingtothelibrary,wouldyoumindreturningthisbookforme?It'sduetoday.如果你要去图书馆的话,是否介意替我还一下这本书呢?它今天到期。TheEnglishversionofthenovelisdueforpublicationnextyear.这部小说的英文译本预定明年出版发行。TheCustomerobligationstopayanydueamountshallincludeallcommissions,chargesandothercostsdeterminedbytheCompany.客户有支付任何应付的金额的义务应包括公司规定的所有的佣金，收费及其他费用。Hereceivedalargereward,whichwasnomorethanhisdue.他得到了一大笔奖金,这只是他应得的。Paulhaven'tpaidmyduesyet.保罗还没交会费。五、常用短语用作形容词(adj.)duefor应有,应得到owedsth;deservingsthdueto归功于,应属于causedbysb/sth;becauseofsb/sthinduecourse在适当时机,最终attheappropriatetime;eventually六、情景对话学校B：Whenisthe(assignment/project/report)due?什么时候交（作业/计划/报告）？A：It’sduetomorrow.明天。假期dueB：Whenisthisbookdueback?这本书归还期限是什么时候？A：It’sdueback(nextTuesday/aweekfromFriday/inthreedays).下星期二/星期五开始后的一个星期/三天以内。放松A：Takeiteasy.Don’tworksohard.放轻松点儿！别干得那么辛苦。due的反义词B：Ican’ttakeiteasy.Thisisdueinthemorning.不拼命不行，今天上午得全部干完。七、词义辨析adj.(形容词)bedueto,owe...to二者的共同意思是“欠”。其区别是：1.owe是动词;due是形容词。例如:Sheowestendollarstohersister.她欠她姐姐10美元。Anymoneythatisduetoyouwillbepaidbeforetheendofthismonth.欠你的钱将在这月底之前全部支付给你。2.owe...to常译为“欠某人的债”,用于比喻可表示对“某人负有义务或名誉,功劳应归于?”;而due一般译为“应付给”,用以表示原因。例如:Ourgratefulthanksareduetothepolicedepartmentfortheirhelpinthemakingofthisfilm.我们由衷感谢警方在制作这部影片的过程中给予我们的帮助。dueto,beauseof参见because条。dueto,owingto这两个短语都可作“由于,因为”解。owingto表示的理由有直接性,常用作口语,是介词短语,在句中的位置一般没有限制;dueto表示的理由同样带有直接性,但在句中多用作表语。due的相关近义词ample、deserved、enough、expected、fit、fitting、just、mature、owing、proper、right、suitable、unpaiddue的相关临近词duel、Dudley、Duer、Duez、Duek、dues、Duex、Duen、Dueh、Duevu、Duerr、Duena点此查看更多关于due的详细信息

关于春节英语手抄报内容

春节，即农历新年，俗称过年，一般指除夕和正月初一。但在民间，传统意义上的春节是指从腊月初八的腊祭或腊月二十三或二十四的祭灶，一直到正月十五，其中以除夕和正月初一为高潮。春节历史悠久，起源于殷商时期年头岁尾的祭神祭祖活动。在春节期间，中国的汉族和很多少数民族都要举行各种活动以示庆祝。这些活动均以祭祀神佛、祭奠祖先、除旧布新、迎禧接福、祈求丰年为主要内容。活动丰富多彩，带有浓郁的民族特色。

The Spring Festival, namely the lunar New Year, commonly known as the Chinese New Year, generally refers to the New Year's eve and the first month. But in folk, the traditional sense of the Spring Festival from December 8th refers to the wax offering or month, 23 or 24 of people, until the fifteenth, among them with New Year's eve and the first day of the first climax. Spring Festival has a long history, originated in the sacrifices of SuiWei shells period years worshipping god activities. During the Spring Festival, China's han ethnic minorities and many have held various activities to mark the occasion. These activities are designed for worship is hit, the worship of ancestors, the millennium bringers of good fortune, and make prayer to harvest as the main content. Rich and colorful activities with strong ethnic characteristics.


Far and away the most important holiday in China is Spring Festival, also known as the Chinese New Year. To the Chinese people it is as important as Christmas to people in the West. The dates for this annual celebration are determined by the lunar calendar rather than the GREgorian calendar, so the timing of the holiday varies from late January to early February.
To the ordinary Chinese, the festival actually begins on the eve of the lunar New Year's Day and ends on the fifth day of the first month of the lunar calendar. But the 15th of the first month, which normally is called the Lantern Festival, means the official end of the Spring Festival in many parts of the country. 2
Spring Festival is the most importantand popular festival in China.Before Spring Festival ,the people usually clean and decorate their houses.And they go to the Flower Fairs to buy some flowers.During Spring Festival ,the adults usually give lucky money to children.People often get together and have a big meal.Some people eat dumpling for dinner.
春节
很久以前，中国历史上最重要的节日是春节，而且据说是中国的新年。对于中国人来说，它的重要程度和西方的圣诞节一样。这一年一度的庆典日期被定在了阴历相当于格里高利历，所以假日改变的日期从一月末变为二月初。
对于黄皮肤的中国人来说，这个解释实际是始于春节的前夕结束于第一个月圆之日的15。而第一个月圆之夜一般情况下被称作元宵节，意味春节在全国大部分地区的官方节日时间上结束。
春节在中国是最重要最流行的节日。很久以前，过春节时，人们常常需要整理打扫房间。并且去花市买些鲜花。春节期间，成年人常常要给小子压岁钱。人们常要在一起聚餐，有些人午夜还会吃饺子。
4.The Chinese New Year is a festival whose Chinese are most important.The history of the Chinese New Year is very long.Stanza front stick in an on the face the New Year's Day of the implied meaning of the yellow word in red paper in top send message by word and the god of wealth resembles with hang deep red lantern etc.. The Chinese New Year is a close relatives the festival of the family reunion.The not far a long distance in child that leave the house returns to the home.The family rounds to sit together a dumpling, use the dumpling symbol family reunion.The beginning of January is on thering is fiesta cooking stove etc. rites before;In the stanza make New Year's visit the child New Year's Money, friend etc.
春节是汉族最重要的节日。春节的历史很悠久。节前就在门脸上贴上红纸黄字的寓意的新年寄语及财神像和挂大红灯笼等. 春节是个亲人团聚的节日。离家的孩子不远千里回到家里。家人围坐在一起包饺子,用饺子象征团聚。正月初一前有祭灶等仪式；节中有给儿童压岁钱、亲朋好友拜年等.
CHINESE NEW YEAR
Chinese New Year starts with the New Moon on the first day of the new year and ends on the full moon 15 days later. The 15th day of the new year is called the Lantern Festival, which is celebrated at night with lantern displays and children carrying lanterns in a parade.
The Chinese calendar is based on a combination of lunar and solar movements. The lunar cycle is about 29.5 days. In order to "catch up" with the solar calendar the Chinese insert an extra month once every few years (seven years out of a 19-yearcycle). This is the same as adding an extra day on leap year. This is why, according to the solar calendar, the Chinese New Year falls on a different date each year.

New Year's Eve and New Year's Day are celebrated as a family affair, a time of reunion and thanksgiving. The celebration was traditionally highlighted with a religious ceremony given in honor of Heaven and Earth, the gods of the household and the family ancestors.
The sacrifice to the ancestors, the most vital of all the rituals, united the living members with those who had passed away. Departed relatives are remembered with great respect because they were responsible for laying the foundations for the fortune and glory of the family.
The presence of the ancestors is acknowledged on New Year's Eve with a dinner arranged for them at the family banquet table. The spirits of the ancestors, together with the living, celebrate the onset of the New Year as one great community. The communal feast called "surrounding the stove" or weilu. It symbolizes family unity and honors the past and present generations
春节简介
春节俗称“年节”，是中华民族最隆重的传 欢度春节
统佳节。自汉武帝太初元年始，以夏年（农历）正月初一为“岁首”（即“年”），年节的日期由此固定下来，延续至今。年节古称“元旦”。1911年辛亥革命以后，开始采用公历（阳历）计年，遂称公历1月1日为“元旦”，称农历正月初一为“春节”。 岁时节日，亦被称为“传统节日”。它们历史悠久、流传面广，具有极大的普及性、群众性、甚至全民性的特点。年节是除旧布新的日子。年节虽定在农历正月初一，但年节的活动却并不止于正月初一这一天。从腊月二十三（或二十四日）小年节起，人们便开始“忙年”：扫房屋、洗头沐浴、准备年节器具等等。所有这些活动，有一个共同的主题，即“辞旧迎新”。人们以盛大的仪式和热情，迎接新年，迎接春天。 年节也是祭祝祈年的日子。古人谓谷子一熟为一“年”，五谷丰收为“大有年”。西周初年，即已出现了一年一度的庆祝丰收的活动。后来，祭天祈年成了年俗的主要内容之一。而且，诸如灶神、门神、财神、喜神、井神等诸路神明，在年节期间，都备享人间香火。人们借此酬谢诸神过去的关照，并祈愿在新的一年中能得到更多的福佑。年节还是合家团圆、敦亲祀祖的日子。除夕，全家欢聚一堂，吃罢“团年饭”，长辈给孩子们分发“压岁钱”，一家人团坐“守岁”。元日子时交年时刻，鞭炮齐响，辞旧岁、迎新年的活动达于高潮。各家焚香致礼，敬天地、祭列祖，然后依次给尊长拜年，继而同族亲友互致祝贺。元日后，开始走亲访友，互送礼品，以庆新年。年节更是民众娱乐狂欢的节日。元日以后，各种丰富多彩的娱乐活动竞相开展：耍狮子、舞龙灯、扭秧歌、踩高跷、杂耍诸戏等，为新春佳节增添了浓郁的 欢度春节
喜庆气氛。此时，正值“立春”前后，古时要举行盛大的迎春仪式，鞭牛迎春，祈愿风调雨顺、五谷丰收。各种社火活动到正月十五，再次形成高潮。 因此，集祈年、庆贺、娱乐为一体的盛典年节就成了中华民族最隆重的佳节。而时至今日，除祀神祭祖等活动比以往有所淡化以外，年节的主要习俗，都完好地得以继承与发展。春节是中华民族文化的优秀传统的重要载体，它蕴含着中华民族文化的智慧和结晶，凝聚着华夏人民的生命追求和情感寄托，传承着中国人的家庭伦理和社会伦理观念。历经千百年的积淀，异彩纷呈的春节民俗，已形成底蕴深厚且独具特色的春节文化。近年来，随着物质生活水平的提高，人们对精神文化生活的需求迅速增长，对亲情、友情、和谐、美满的渴求更加强烈，春节等传统节日越来越受到社会各界的重视和关注。要大力弘扬春节所凝结的优秀传统文化，突出辞旧迎新、祝福团圆平安、兴旺发达的主题，努力营造家庭和睦、安定团结、欢乐祥和的喜庆氛围，推动中华文化历久弥新、不断发展壮大。

以前有个叫“年”的怪物，头长尖角、凶猛异常，生活在海里。在除夕夜会爬上岸，吐食牲畜伤害己命。因此一到除夕夜，大家都逃往深山，以躲避“年”的伤害。这一年，从村中来了一个银须飘逸、目若朗星的老己。半夜“年”闯进村，正准备逞凶时，突然传来“噼噼啪啪”的炸响声，那位老己披上红袍呈现在“年”的面前，“年”浑身战栗，逃回了海里，再夜不敢进村了。这就是过年的传说和爆竹的来历，后来经过几千年的发展，过年的习俗悦来越丰厚了。
统佳节。自汉武帝太初元年始，以夏年（农历）正月初一为“岁首”（即“年”），年节的日期由此固定下来，延续至今。年节古称“元旦”。1911年辛亥革命以后，开始采用公历（阳历）计年，遂称公历1月1日为“元旦”，称农历正月初一为“春节”。 岁时节日，亦被称为“传统节日”。它们历史悠久、流传面广，具有极大的普及性、群众性、甚至全民性的特点。年节是除旧布新的日子。年节虽定在农历正月初一，但年节的活动却并不止于正月初一这一天。从腊月二十三（或二十四日）小年节起，人们便开始“忙年”：扫房屋、洗头沐浴、准备年节器具等等。所有这些活动，有一个共同的主题，即“辞旧迎新”。人们以盛大的仪式和热情，迎接新年，迎接春天。 年节也是祭祝祈年的日子。古人谓谷子一熟为一“年”，五谷丰收为“大有年”。西周初年，即已出现了一年一度的庆祝丰收的活动。后来，祭天祈年成了年俗的主要内容之一。而且，诸如灶神、门神、财神、喜神、井神等诸路神明，在年节期间，都备享人间香火。人们借此酬谢诸神过去的关照，并祈愿在新的一年中能得到更多的福佑。年节还是合家团圆、敦亲祀祖的日子。除夕，全家欢聚一堂，吃罢“团年饭”，长辈给孩子们分发“压岁钱”，一家人团坐“守岁”。元日子时交年时刻，鞭炮齐响，辞旧岁、迎新年的活动达于高潮。各家焚香致礼，敬天地、祭列祖，然后依次给尊长拜年，继而同族亲友互致祝贺。元日后，开始走亲访友，互送礼品，以庆新年。年节更是民众娱乐狂欢的节日。元日以后，各种丰富多彩的娱乐活动竞相开展：耍狮子、舞龙灯、扭秧歌、踩高跷、杂耍诸戏等，为新春佳节增添了浓郁的 欢度春节
喜庆气氛。此时，正值“立春”前后，古时要举行盛大的迎春仪式，鞭牛迎春，祈愿风调雨顺、五谷丰收。各种社火活动到正月十五，再次形成高潮。 因此，集祈年、庆贺、娱乐为一体的盛典年节就成了中华民族最隆重的佳节。而时至今日，除祀神祭祖等活动比以往有所淡化以外，年节的主要习俗，都完好地得以继承与发展。春节是中华民族文化的优秀传统的重要载体，它蕴含着中华民族文化的智慧和结晶，凝聚着华夏人民的生命追求和情感寄托，传承着中国人的家庭伦理和社会伦理观念。历经千百年的积淀，异彩纷呈的春节民俗，已形成底蕴深厚且独具特色的春节文化。近年来，随着物质生活水平的提高，人们对精神文化生活的需求迅速增长，对亲情、友情、和谐、美满的渴求更加强烈，春节等传统节日越来越受到社会各界的重视和关注。要大力弘扬春节所凝结的优秀传统文化，突出辞旧迎新、祝福团圆平安、兴旺发达的主题，努力营造家庭和睦、安定团结、欢乐祥和的喜庆氛围，推动中华文化历久弥新、不断发展壮大。
以前有个叫“年”的怪物，头长尖角、凶猛异常，生活在海里。在除夕夜会爬上岸，吐食牲畜伤害己命。因此一到除夕夜，大家都逃往深山，以躲避“年”的伤害。这一年，从村中来了一个银须飘逸、目若朗星的老己。半夜“年”闯进村，正准备逞凶时，突然传来“噼噼啪啪”的炸响声，那位老己披上红袍呈现在“年”的面前，“年”浑身战栗，逃回了海里，再夜不敢进村了。这就是过年的传说和爆竹的来历，后来经过几千年的发展，过年的习俗悦来越丰厚了。Spring Festival, known as "new year ", is the Chinese nation most grand traditional festival to celebrate the Spring Festival. Since the Han Dynasty too at the beginning of the first year, with summer year (lunar ) lunar January first " the beginning of the year " (i.e., " year " ), the festival date so fixed, continues to this day. The festival called " New Year's day ". Xin Hai revolution since 1911, began to use the Gregorian calendar (Gregorian calendar ) dating, he called the Gregorian calendar in January 1st as the "New Year's Day ", said the lunar January 1 as "spring festival ". The festival, also known as "traditional festivals ". It has a long history, wide spread, with great popularity, mass, or even universal features. Chinese New Year is the time being. The festival is on lunar January 1, but new year 's activities are not limited to this day of lunar January first. From the twelfth twenty-three ( or twenty-four) of small festivals, people began to "busy ": clean the house, wash bath, preparing for the festival appliances etc.. All of these activities, there is a common theme, namely "new year ". People greet the new year with a grand ceremony and enthusiasm to greet the spring,. Chinese New Year is also offering hope for the day. The Tani Koichi as a " year ", " big grain harvest for years ". The early Western Zhou Dynasty, that has appeared once a year 's harvest celebrations. Later, heaven Qinian became one of the main contents of the vulgar. Moreover, such as kitchen, God, God, God, God of gods Wells Road, during the festival, all to be human incense. People like to take this opportunity to thank the gods of the attention, and wish to receive more blessings in the new year. Chinese new year or family reunion, nearby such day. New year's Eve, the whole family have a joyous gathering, eat "reunion dinner ", elders give children distribute " gift money ", one family tuanzuo " staying-up ". Yuan day over years time, firecrackers chime, bid farewell to the old year, and welcome the new year activity to the climax. The incense to salute, respect for nature, offering fathers, and then to the elders pay New Year's call, and his relatives and friends to congratulate each other. The first day of the year, began to visit relatives and friends, to send each other gifts, in the new year. Chinese New Year is the populace entertainment Carnival festival. The first day of the year, all kinds of rich and colorful entertainment to carry out activities: play the lion, dragon dance, yangko dance, walking on stilts, juggling the play, to celebrate the Spring Festival add rich festive atmosphere for the spring festival. At this time, when the " beginning" before and after, it will have a big spring ceremony, whip Niu Yingchun, for favorable weather, bumper grain harvest. All kinds of activities to the lunar January fifteen, formed the climax again. Therefore, set for, celebrations, entertainment for the whole of the festival festival became the most grand holiday of the Chinese nation. Today, in addition to sacrifice ancestor worship and other activities than ever before to fade away, the festival's main custom, are in good condition to inheritance and development. The Spring Festival is an important carrier of the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation, it contains the wisdom and the crystallization of Chinese culture, condensing Chinese people's life pursuit and emotional reposing, inheritance of Chinese family ethics and social ethics. After thousands of years of accumulation, colorful folk customs of the Spring Festival, has formed a profound and unique culture of the spring festival. In recent years, with the improvement of living standards, people demand for spiritual and cultural life of the rapid growth, more intense affection, friendship, harmonious, happy desire, the Spring Festival is a traditional festival has attracted more and more attention from all sectors of society and attention. We should vigorously promote the Spring Festival by the condensation of excellent traditional culture, highlight the new year reunion, blessing of peace, prosperity, and strive to create a harmonious family, stability and unity, joy and harmony in the festive atmosphere, to promote Chinese culture, its development. There used to be called the "year " monster, head long sharp edges, fierce abnormalities, and live in the sea. On New Year's Eve night climbed out, spit food livestock harm his life. Therefore, a new year's Eve, everyone fled to the mountains, to avoid "year ". This year, from the village to a silver to be elegant, eye Ruolang star old man. The middle of the night " year" beast into the village, are ready to act violently when, suddenly heard " crackling sound of bombing ", the old man put on robes in front of " year ", " year" trembling, fled back to the sea, then the night did not dare to the village. This is the legend of the origin and have the Spring Festival fireworks, after several years of development, have the Spring Festival custom Yuelai more rich.
春节简介
春节俗称“年节”，是中华民族最隆重的传统佳节。
自汉武帝太初元年始，以夏年（农历）正月初一为“岁首”（即“年”），年节的日期由此固定下来，延续至今。年节古称“元旦”。1911年辛亥革命以后，开始采用公历（阳历）计年，遂称公历1月1日为“元旦”，称农历正月初一为“春节”。 岁时节日，亦被称为“传统节日”。它们历史悠久、流传面广，具有极大的普及性、群众性、甚至全民性的特点。年节是除旧布新的日子。年节虽定在农历正月初一，但年节的活动却并不止于正月初一这一天。从腊月二十三（或二十四日）小年节起，人们便开始“忙年”：扫房屋、洗头沐浴、准备年节器具等等。所有这些活动，有一个共同的主题，即“辞旧迎新”。人们以盛大的仪式和热情，迎接新年，迎接春天。
年节也是祭祝祈年的日子。古人谓谷子一熟为一“年”，五谷丰收为“大有年”。西周初年，即已出现了一年一度的庆祝丰收的活动。后来，祭天祈年成了年俗的主要内容之一。而且，诸如灶神、门神、财神、喜神、井神等诸路神明，在年节期间，都备享人间香火。人们借此酬谢诸神过去的关照，并祈愿在新的一年中能得到更多的福佑。年节还是合家团圆、敦亲祀祖的日子。除夕，全家欢聚一堂，吃罢“团年饭”，长辈给孩子们分发“压岁钱”，一家人团坐“守岁”。元日子时交年时刻，鞭炮齐响，辞旧岁、迎新年的活动达于高潮。各家焚香致礼，敬天地、祭列祖，然后依次给尊长拜年，继而同族亲友互致祝贺。元日后，开始走亲访友，互送礼品，以庆新年。年节更是民众娱乐狂欢的节日。元日以后，各种丰富多彩的娱乐活动竞相开展：耍狮子、舞龙灯、扭秧歌、踩高跷、杂耍诸戏等，为新春佳节增添了浓郁的 欢度春节喜庆气氛。此时，正值“立春”前后，古时要举行盛大的迎春仪式，鞭牛迎春，祈愿风调雨顺、五谷丰收。各种社火活动到正月十五，再次形成高潮。
因此，集祈年、庆贺、娱乐为一体的盛典年节就成了中华民族最隆重的佳节。而时至今日，除祀神祭祖等活动比以往有所淡化以外，年节的主要习俗，都完好地得以继承与发展。春节是中华民族文化的优秀传统的重要载体，它蕴含着中华民族文化的智慧和结晶，凝聚着华夏人民的生命追求和情感寄托，传承着中国人的家庭伦理和社会伦理观念。历经千百年的积淀，异彩纷呈的春节民俗，已形成底蕴深厚且独具特色的春节文化。近年来，随着物质生活水平的提高，人们对精神文化生活的需求迅速增长，对亲情、友情、和谐、美满的渴求更加强烈，春节等传统节日越来越受到社会各界的重视和关注。要大力弘扬春节所凝结的优秀传统文化，突出辞旧迎新、祝福团圆平安、兴旺发达的主题，努力营造家庭和睦、安定团结、欢乐祥和的喜庆氛围，推动中华文化历久弥新、不断发展壮大。
以前有个叫“年”的怪物，头长尖角、凶猛异常，生活在海里。在除夕夜会爬上岸，吐食牲畜伤害己命。因此一到除夕夜，大家都逃往深山，以躲避“年”的伤害。这一年，从村中来了一个银须飘逸、目若朗星的老己。半夜“年”闯进村，正准备逞凶时，突然传来“噼噼啪啪”的炸响声，那位老己披上红袍呈现在“年”的面前，“年”浑身战栗，逃回了海里，再夜不敢进村了。这就是过年的传说和爆竹的来历，后来经过几千年的发展，过年的习俗悦来越丰厚了。
Spring Festival Introduction
Spring Festival, commonly known as "New Year", is the most ceremonious traditional festival of the Chinese nation.
To summer years (Lunar) from the beginning was the first year of the beginning of Emperor Wudi, the first day of the first month, "the beginning of the year" ("year"), which fixed the date of the New Year's, and continues to this day. New Year ancient name of "New Year's Day." After the Revolution in 1911, began to adopt the Gregorian calendar (Gregorian calendar) per year, gradually became known as the Gregorian calendar January 1 for New Year's Day ", the first lunar month as" Spring Festival ". Festivals, also known as "traditional festivals. Their long history, the spread of a wide range of great popularity, the masses, even universal characteristics. The New Year is a new spin on the day. Set at the first day of the first lunar month of the Chinese lunar New Year, but the New Year's activities does not stop at the first day of the first month. Starting from the 12th month, 23 (or 24) New Year, people began to "busy year": sweep the house, wash your hair bath, prepare the New Year appliances. All of these activities, there is a common theme, namely "New Year". Grand ceremony and enthusiasm to welcome the New Year, and greet the spring.
The New Year is also Ji the day wish Qi'nian. The the ancients so-called millet cooked to a "year" good harvest "a great year". Western Zhou Dynasty, had emerged in the annual celebration of the harvest activities. Later, one of the main content of Heaven Qi'nian into vulgar. Zhu Lu deities such as Vesta, goalkeeper, Fortuna, hi God, well God, etc., in the New Year period, prepare to enjoy human incense. People take this reward for the the gods care and pray in the new year to get more bliss. New Year or a family reunion, the London pro Sizu day. New Year's Eve, the whole family gathered together, something to eat a festive dinner, elders distributed to the children "lucky money" family group sit "celebrating New Year's Eve. Per day when the years of time, the firecrackers Qi ring, the old year, the activities of the new year is to reach its climax. The various incense Sincerely, Dear heaven and earth, Ji fathers, then turn to the elders and New Year, then exchanged congratulations with family or friends. Yuan in the future, visiting friends and relatives, and send each other gifts to celebrate the New Year. New Year is the people in the entertainment gala day. After the Mongol, a wide variety of entertainment activities rushed to carry out: playing the Lions, dragon dance, dancing, stilt-walkers, jugglers Zhu drama, added for the Chinese New Year the rich celebrate the Chinese New Year festive atmosphere. At this point, a time when the "spring" before and after, in ancient times to be held in the grand ceremony of the Spring Festival, whip cattle Yingchun, pray for good weather and good harvests. Various fire agency activities to the fifteenth day, again to form the climax.
Therefore, set Qi'nian celebrate entertainment for the whole New Year's festival has become the most solemn holiday season of the Chinese nation. Today, except Sishen ancestor worship and other activities than ever to dilute the main practices of the New Year, are in good condition can be inherited and development. The Spring Festival is an important carrier of the cultural traditions of the Chinese nation, and it contains the wisdom of the Chinese culture and crystallization, crystallization pursuit of people's lives in China and emotional sustenance, and heritage of the Chinese family ethics and social ethics. After thousands of years of accumulation, colorful Spring Festival Folk Spring Festival has a profound and unique culture. In recent years, with the improvement of material living standards, the demand of the people's spiritual and cultural life of the rapid growth of family, friendship, harmony, happy craving more intense, the Spring Festival and other traditional festivals more and more attention and concern of the community. To vigorously carry forward the fine traditional culture of the Chinese New Year of the condensation, highlight the New Year, peace blessing reunion, the prosperity of the theme, and strive to create family harmony, stability and unity, happy and peaceful festive atmosphere to promote Chinese culture, timeless, and continue to grow and develop.
Ago a man named "Year of the monster, the sharp corners of head length, ferocious, life in the sea. Climbed at the New Year's Eve, the to spit food livestock injury has life. A New Year's Eve, everyone fled to the mountains to escape the damage. This year, from the village to a silver to be elegant, the head if Langxing old has. The middle of the night "years" broke into the village, and is preparing to act violently, suddenly heard the crackling sound of bombing, the old has donned red robe presented in front of "year", "years" trembling, to flee nautical miles, and then night dare village. This is the origins of the New Year's legends and firecrackers, later, after thousands of years of development, the Chinese New Year customs Panda more lucrative.
老师，大家都说您培养着祖国的栋梁；我却要说，您就是祖国的栋梁。正是您，支撑起我们一代人的脊梁！您像一支红烛，为后辈献出了所有的热和光！您的品格和精神，可以用两个字就是－－燃烧！不停的燃烧！
您讲的课，是那样丰富多采，每一个章节都仿佛在我面前打开了一扇窗户，让我看到了一个斑斓的新世界……
啊，有了您，花园才这般艳丽，大地才充满春意！老师，快推开窗子看吧，这满园春色，这满园桃李，都在向您敬礼！
如果没有您思想的滋润，怎么会绽开那么多美好的灵魂之花?啊，老师，人类灵魂的工程师，有谁不在将您赞扬！
传播知识，就是播种希望，播种幸福。老师，您就是这希望与幸福的播种人！
老师，您是美的耕耘者，美的播种者。是您用美的阳光普照，用美的雨露滋润，我们的心田才绿草如茵，繁花似锦！
您为花的盛开，果的成熟忙碌着，默默地垂着叶的绿荫！啊，老师，您的精神，永记我心！
您多像那默默无闻的树根，使小树茁壮成长，又使树枝上挂满丰硕的果实，却并不要求任何报酬。
您给了我们一杆生活的尺，让我们自己天天去丈量；您给了我们一面模范行为的镜子，让我们处处有学习的榜样。
您是大桥，为我们连接被割断的山峦，让我们走向收获的峰巅；您是青藤，坚韧而修长，指引我们采撷到崖顶的灵芝和人参。
当苗儿需要一杯水的时候，绝不送上一桶水；而当需要一桶水的时候，也绝不给予一杯水。适时，适量地给予，这是一个好园丁的技艺。我的老师，这也正是您的教育艺术。
不计辛勤一砚寒，桃熟流丹，李熟技残，种花容易树人难。幽谷飞香不一般，诗满人间，画满人间，英才济济笑开颜。
老师，您用人类最崇高的感情－－爱，播种春天，播种理想，播种力量……
用语言播种，用彩笔耕耘，用汗水浇灌，用心血滋润，这就是我们敬爱的老师崇高的劳动。
您工作在今朝，却建设着祖国的明天；您教学在课堂，成就却在祖国的四面八方。
老师，如果把您比作蚌，那末学生便是蚌里的砂粒；您用爱去舐它，磨它，浸它，洗它……经年累月，砂粒便成了一颗颗珍珠，光彩熠熠。
您的教师生涯，有无数骄傲和幸福的回忆，但您把它们珍藏在心底，而只是注视着一待开拓的园地。
假如我是诗人，我将以满腔的热情写下诗篇，赞美大海的辽阔和深远。并把它献给您－－我的胸怀博大，知识精深的老师。
教师是火种，点燃了学生的心灵之火；教师是石级，承受着学生一步步踏实地向上攀登。
您像一支蜡烛，虽然细弱，但有一分热，发一分光，照亮了别人，耗尽了自己。这无私的奉献，令人永志不忘。
您讲课的语言，悦耳像叮咚的山泉，亲切似潺潺的小溪，激越如奔泻的江流……
春蚕一生没说过自诩的话，那吐出的银丝就是丈量生命价值的尺子。敬爱的老师，您从未在别人面前炫耀过，但那盛开的桃李，就是对您最高的评价。
您的爱，太阳一般温暖，春风一般和煦，清泉一般甘甜。您的爱，比父爱更严峻，比母爱更细腻，比友爱更纯洁。您－－老师的爱，天下最伟大，最高洁。
萤火虫的可贵，在于用那盏挂在后尾的灯，专照别人；您的可敬，则在于总是给别人提供方便。
是谁把雨露撒遍大地？是谁把幼苗辛勤哺育？是您，老师，您是一位伟大的园丁！看这遍地怒放的鲜花，哪一朵上没有您的心血，哪一朵上没有您的笑影！
金风送欢笑，丹桂花香飘。
老师的节日，今天又来到。
老师为我们的成长，不知付出了多少辛劳。
老师对我们的抚爱，我们永远不会忘记。
The teacher, everybody says you cultivate the motherland's beams, But I say, you are the pillars of the motherland. It is supporting our generation, the back! You are like a red candle, to give the younger all heat and light! Your character and spirit, can use the word is burning! - Keep burning!
Your lecture, are diversified, each chapter in my presence opens a window, let me see a colorful world...
Ah, you only so gorgeous, gardens, the earth can be full of spring! The teacher opened the window, full, this spring, the peach roses, are you to salute!
If you thought, so many good soul could open the flowers? Ah, the teacher, the engineer of the human soul, who is not your praise!
To spread knowledge, hope, sowing happiness. The teacher, you are the hope and happiness of BoZhongRen!
Teacher, you are the ploughman, the sower of beauty. Are you with beautiful sunshine, with beautiful moisten, our hearts to lush, carpet!
You for the flowering, fruit mature busy, the leaf of green hangs silently! Ah, teacher, you never forget the spirit, my!
Do you like the more obscure roots, make trees grow, and branches hung fruit, but does not require any reward.
You gave us a rod of life, let us go to measure himself every day, You gave us a model of the mirror, let us act is a good example.
You are connected to our bridge, the hills are severed, let us to harvest peaks, You are evergreen cane, tenacity and slender, guide us to gather the ganoderma lucidum and ginseng to top precipice crest.
When the plants need a glass of water, not a bucket of water, When need a bucket of water, also never give a glass of water. Timely, moderate to give, it is a good gardener. My teacher, this is your education arts.
Regardless of the hard winter cold, ripe peach is a skill, li ripe tannins flow, flower is easy to cultivating. Glen fly, with sweet not poem, paintings, happy smile. Fill epitomises
Teacher, you use the most noble human feelings, love, planting in spring sowing seed, and the ideal, strength...
Use planting, the color with language, with sweat and blood, moist, this is our beloved teacher lofty labor.
Do you work in the construction of the motherland, but today; the tomorrow. Your teaching in classroom, but in the country's achievement in all directions.
The teacher, if you compared to clam, students are in the sand, clam, You love to lick it, it, it, wash it... For years, sand became pearls, gleaming economicsystem.
You have innumerable the teacher career, proud and happy memories, but you put them in my heart, just looking at a stay open field.
If I were a poet, I will write poems with passion, praise the vast and deep sea. And put it to you - my mind, profound knowledge of the teacher.
Teacher is fire, lit the fire of students' mind, Teachers are ShiJi, with students to climb step by step.
You are like a candle, though, but there is a thin heat and light, and the others, exhausted. The selfless dedication, a kid.
Your lecture language, like the springs, kind of like ripples as the brook, intense generously encircling...
Life never said silkworm himself, that the value of life is measured the silver ruler. Dear teacher, you never show in front of the others, but it is the bloom in your highest morogor evaluation.
Your love, the sun usually warm spring, spring, general average vernal sweet. Your love more severe than father, mother, and more than more pure than friendship. You love, the teacher, the greatest, most noble.
There is the lamp, hang on the lamp, according to the moving, Your honourable, is always to others.
Who is the dew all over the earth? Who is the seedling nurturing hard? Are you, teacher, you are a great gardener! Look at this land full of flowers, which one of your efforts, no one in which XiaoYing without you!
Laughter, osmanthus fragrance junwu float.
The teacher's festival, today again.
The teacher for our growth, don't know how much hardship.
The teacher of our caress, we never forget.
Spring Festival is the most important festival in China .
春节是中国最重要的节日
It’s to celebrate the lunar calendar ‘s new year .
它是为了庆祝农历新年
In the evening before the Spring Festival ,families get together and have a big meal .
在春节前夜,家人聚在一起享用丰盛的一餐
In many places people like to set off firecrackers .
在许多地方人们还放鞭炮
Dumplings are the most traditional food .
饺子是最传统的食物
Children like the festival very much ,because they can have delicious food and wear new clothes .
孩子们非常喜欢春节,因为他们可以吃好吃的东西和穿新衣服
They can also get some money from their parents.
他们也可以领到压岁钱
This money is given to children for good luck .
给孩子的这些钱是为了(来年的)好运气
People put New Year scrolls on the wall for good fortune .
人们也用贴年画的方式来乞求好运
The Spring Festival lasts about 15 days long .
春节持续近15天
People visit relatives and friends with the words “Have all your wishes ”.
人们拜访亲戚朋友时会送上一句"万事如意"
People enjoy the Spring Festival ,during this time they can have a good rest .
人们享受春节,在这段时间他们可以好好休息一下
春节，即农历新年，俗称过年，一般指除夕和正月初一。但在民间，传统意义上的春节是指从腊月初八的腊祭或腊月二十三或二十四的祭灶，一直到正月十五，其中以除夕和正月初一为高潮。春节历史悠久，起源于殷商时期年头岁尾的祭神祭祖活动。在春节期间，中国的汉族和很多少数民族都要举行各种活动以示庆祝。这些活动均以祭祀神佛、祭奠祖先、除旧布新、迎禧接福、祈求丰年为主要内容。活动丰富多彩，带有浓郁的民族特色。
The Spring Festival, namely the lunar New Year, commonly known as the Chinese New Year, generally refers to the New Year's eve and the first month. But in folk, the traditional sense of the Spring Festival from December 8th refers to the wax offering or month, 23 or 24 of people, until the fifteenth, among them with New Year's eve and the first day of the first climax. Spring Festival has a long history, originated in the sacrifices of SuiWei shells period years worshipping god activities. During the Spring Festival, China's han ethnic minorities and many have held various activities to mark the occasion. These activities are designed for worship is hit, the worship of ancestors, the millennium bringers of good fortune, and make prayer to harvest as the main content. Rich and colorful activities with strong ethnic characteristics.
Far and away the most important holiday in China is Spring Festival, also known as the Chinese New Year. To the Chinese people it is as important as Christmas to people in the West. The dates for this annual celebration are determined by the lunar calendar rather than the GREgorian calendar, so the timing of the holiday varies from late January to early February.
To the ordinary Chinese, the festival actually begins on the eve of the lunar New Year's Day and ends on the fifth day of the first month of the lunar calendar. But the 15th of the first month, which normally is called the Lantern Festival, means the official end of the Spring Festival in many parts of the country. 2
Spring Festival is the most importantand popular festival in China.Before Spring Festival ,the people usually clean and decorate their houses.And they go to the Flower Fairs to buy some flowers.During Spring Festival ,the adults usually give lucky money to children.People often get together and have a big meal.Some people eat dumpling for dinner.
春节
很久以前，中国历史上最重要的节日是春节，而且据说是中国的新年。对于中国人来说，它的重要程度和西方的圣诞节一样。这一年一度的庆典日期被定在了阴历相当于格里高利历，所以假日改变的日期从一月末变为二月初。
对于黄皮肤的中国人来说，这个解释实际是始于春节的前夕结束于第一个月圆之日的15。而第一个月圆之夜一般情况下被称作元宵节，意味春节在全国大部分地区的官方节日时间上结束。
春节在中国是最重要最流行的节日。很久以前，过春节时，人们常常需要整理打扫房间。并且去花市买些鲜花。春节期间，成年人常常要给小子压岁钱。人们常要在一起聚餐，有些人午夜还会吃饺子。
4.The Chinese New Year is a festival whose Chinese are most important.The history of the Chinese New Year is very long.Stanza front stick in an on the face the New Year's Day of the implied meaning of the yellow word in red paper in top send message by word and the god of wealth resembles with hang deep red lantern etc.. The Chinese New Year is a close relatives the festival of the family reunion.The not far a long distance in child that leave the house returns to the home.The family rounds to sit together a dumpling, use the dumpling symbol family reunion.The beginning of January is on thering is fiesta cooking stove etc. rites before;In the stanza make New Year's visit the child New Year's Money, friend etc.
春节是汉族最重要的节日。春节的历史很悠久。节前就在门脸上贴上红纸黄字的寓意的新年寄语及财神像和挂大红灯笼等. 春节是个亲人团聚的节日。离家的孩子不远千里回到家里。家人围坐在一起包饺子,用饺子象征团聚。正月初一前有祭灶等仪式；节中有给儿童压岁钱、亲朋好友拜年等.

英文在线翻译

Training Program
First, new staff induction training
Training time: Training once a month, every four days (three days of classes, the last day of examinations)
Target audience: every month a new induction training of employees and last month, the staff did not pass the exam
Trainer: Human resources and training director of
Training content:
A "handbook for employees" mainly to introduce the hotel's past and future, rules and regulations, hotel knowledge and an overview of the relationship between the hotel industry and tourism, hotel and other industries of the internal relations and differences between the hotel industry development trends and prospects to introduce the hotel etiquette, politeness, service awareness and interpersonal relations, the hotel fire and safety knowledge and training.
Second, foreign language training
Training time: the whole year training (every Monday, three junior in English, every Thursday, 5 Intermediate English -)
Target audience: Hotel front-line face-off department and second-loving English-speaking staff are required to participate in training
Trainer: Human resources and training director of
Training
Junior classes start from the phonetic to Xu Guozhang English as the main materials to hotel in English secondary, intermediate, mainly in English classes to new concepts in order to tourist hotel in English secondary stress listening and speaking ability.
Training Methods
Audio-visual all-round training, examination once every two months, the examination before the people who give a degree of material incentives (first-place awards 50, the second award 30 yuan, 20 yuan third award)
Training Venue: Multifunctional Hall
Third, holiday get-together activities
Time: the annual Spring Festival, International Labor Day Festival, National Day
Events
HR content of selected activities, and then issued announcements of activities, the internal organization of each department involved in the project. Human Resources Department is responsible for organizing and making arrangements for his speech celebrating the program and invited the general manager, all department managers to participate actively.
Activities: The get-together to celebrate the main, including singing, comedy, games and other activities.
Venue: Multi-function Hall
4, courtesy Etiquette Training
Training time: January and August every year to hold a
Training Content: Selected by the HR training content, focus on improving hotel staff awareness of service and quality.
Target audience: hotel staff
Trainer: Human Resources Training in charge of
Training Venue: Multifunctional Hall
5, the hotel common sense training
Training time: held every year in February
Training content: the origin and development of hotel, the hotel in general and the development trend of the hotel the duties and functions of various departments
Target audience: hotel staff
Trainer: Human Resources in charge of
Training Venue: Multifunctional Hall
6, quarterly appraisal and selection of outstanding employees
Selection time: every year in April, July, October, January
Selection object: Hotel staff are eligible to participate in various departments
Selection form: Each quarter, the department in accordance with requests of staff performance, the selection of this sector 1-2 of outstanding employees, Xieqing the employee and the performance of good deeds. Human Resources departments of the various elections to the recommendation table determined after evaluation of the quality of this quarter, staff, and in each quarter of the hotel staff, when the General Assembly, an honorary certificate and prize money 100.
7, first-aid knowledge training
Training Time: October every year to conduct a
Training content; accident injury emergency rescue treatment and preventive measures. Such as: burns, snake bites, drowning and other first aid measures.
Target audience: hotel staff
Training Venue: Multifunctional Hall
Trainer: Security Department
8, foreman in charge of the quality of management training
Training time: every year in July to
Training content: the working relationship between all levels of hotel, hotel art and methods of leadership
Target audience: Hotel foreman and in charge of various departments
Trainer: Human Resources in charge of
Training Venue: Multifunctional Hall
9, the hotel beauty fitness seminars
Training time: held annually in July
Training content: the hotel staff make-up period of how daily life in the skin, the United States Air learning.
Target audience: hotel staff
Trainer: From the outside to invite professionals in to give 100 - 200 yuan reward.
Training Venue: Multifunctional Hall
10, lectures on Chinese culture
Time: The first-year in January, March, August and October each hold a
Lecture content: up and down five thousand years of Chinese culture and art, Chinese landscape, famous spots to enjoy Sheng major religions knowledge. Training Program
Participants: hotel staff
Lecture teacher: from the outside to invite professionals in this area (100 - 200 yuan reward)
Lecture Venue: Multifunctional Hall
11, military training for all staff
Training Program
First, new staff induction training
Training time: Training once a month, every four days (three days of classes, the last day of examinations)
Target audience: every month a new induction training of employees and last month, the staff did not pass the exam
Trainer: Human resources and training director of
Training content:
A "handbook for employees" mainly to introduce the hotel's past and future, rules and regulations, hotel knowledge and an overview of the relationship between the hotel industry and tourism, hotel and other industries of the internal relations and differences between the hotel industry development trends and prospects to introduce the hotel etiquette, politeness, service awareness and interpersonal relations, the hotel fire and safety knowledge and training.
Second, foreign language training
Training time: the whole year training (every Monday, three junior in English, every Thursday, 5 Intermediate English -)
Target audience: Hotel front-line face-off department and second-loving English-speaking staff are required to participate in training
Trainer: Human resources and training director of
Training
Junior classes start from the phonetic to Xu Guozhang English as the main materials to hotel in English secondary, intermediate, mainly in English classes to new concepts in order to tourist hotel in English secondary stress listening and speaking ability.
Training Methods
Audio-visual all-round training, examination once every two months, the examination before the people who give a degree of material incentives (first-place awards 50, the second award 30 yuan, 20 yuan third award)
Training Venue: Multifunctional Hall
Third, holiday get-together activities
Time: the annual Spring Festival, International Labor Day Festival, National Day
Events
HR content of selected activities, and then issued announcements of activities, the internal organization of each department involved in the project. Human Resources Department is responsible for organizing and making arrangements for his speech celebrating the program and invited the general manager, all department managers to participate actively.
Activities: The get-together to celebrate the main, including singing, comedy, games and other activities.
Venue: Multi-function Hall
4, courtesy Etiquette Training
Training time: January and August every year to hold a
Training Content: Selected by the HR training content, focus on improving hotel staff awareness of service and quality.
Target audience: hotel staff
Trainer: Human Resources Training in charge of
Training Venue: Multifunctional Hall
5, the hotel common sense training
Training time: held every year in February
Training content: the origin and development of hotel, the hotel in general and the development trend of the hotel the duties and functions of various departments
Target audience: hotel staff
Trainer: Human Resources in charge of
Training Venue: Multifunctional Hall
6, quarterly appraisal and selection of outstanding employees
Selection time: every year in April, July, October, January
Selection object: Hotel staff are eligible to participate in various departments
Selection form: Each quarter, the department in accordance with requests of staff performance, the selection of this sector 1-2 of outstanding employees, Xieqing the employee and the performance of good deeds. Human Resources departments of the various elections to the recommendation table determined after evaluation of the quality of this quarter, staff, and in each quarter of the hotel staff, when the General Assembly, an honorary certificate and prize money 100.
7, first-aid knowledge training
Training Time: October every year to conduct a
Training content; accident injury emergency rescue treatment and preventive measures. Such as: burns, snake bites, drowning and other first aid measures.
Target audience: hotel staff
Training Venue: Multifunctional Hall
Trainer: Security Department
8, foreman in charge of the quality of management training
Training time: every year in July to
Training content: the working relationship between all levels of hotel, hotel art and methods of leadership
Target audience: Hotel foreman and in charge of various departments
Trainer: Human Resources in charge of
Training Venue: Multifunctional Hall
9, the hotel beauty fitness seminars
Training time: held annually in July
Training content: the hotel staff make-up period of how daily life in the skin, the United States Air learning.
Target audience: hotel staff
Trainer: From the outside to invite professionals in to give 100 - 200 yuan reward.
Training Venue: Multifunctional Hall
10, lectures on Chinese culture
Time: The first-year in January, March, August and October each hold a
Lecture content: up and down five thousand years of Chinese culture and art, Chinese landscape, famous spots to enjoy Sheng major religions knowledge. Training Program
Participants: hotel staff
Lecture teacher: from the outside to invite professionals in this area (100 - 200 yuan reward)
Lecture Venue: Multifunctional Hall
11, military training for all staff
保证正确～

帮我找暑假作业要求的作文..![200分]

这里有5篇英语文章了。
一．Man’s dearest possession is life. It is given to him but once, and he must live it so as to feel no torturing regrets for wasted years, never know the burning shame of a mean and petty past; so live that, dying, he might say: all my life, all my strength were given to the finest cause in all the world—the fight for the Liberation of Mankind.
人生最宝贵的是生命。生命对于人来说只有一次。一个人的生命应该这样度过：当他回首往事时，不因虚度年华而悔恨；也不会因为碌碌无为而羞耻。在临死的时候他能够说：我的整个生命和全部精力都已经献给了世界上最壮丽的事业――为人类的解放事业而斗争！
二．Happiness lies not in the mere possession of money, it lies in the joy of achievement, in the thrill of creative efforts, the joy and moral stimulation of work no longer must be forgotten in the mad chase of evanescent profits. These dark days, my friends, will be worth all they cost us, if they teach us that our true destiny is not to be ministered on to , but to minister to ourselves, to our fellow men.
幸福并不在于单纯的占有金钱，幸福还在于取得成功后的喜悦，在于创造努力时的激情。务必不能再忘记劳动带来的喜悦和激励，而去疯狂追逐那转瞬即逝的利润。如果这些黯淡的日子能使我们认识到，我们真正的使命不是要别人侍奉，而是要为自己和同胞们服务的话，那么，我们付出的代价是完全值得的。
三．I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed-we hold theses truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal. I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, sons of former slaves and sons of former slave owners will be able to sit together at the table of brotherhood. I have a dream my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. i have a dream today! When we allow freedom to ring, when we let it ring from every village and hamlet, from every state and city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God’s children-black men and white men , jews and Gentiles, Catholics and Protestants-will be able to join hands and to sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, “free at least ,free at last . Thank God Almighty, we are free at last.”
我有一个梦：有一天，这个国家将站起来，并实现他的信条的真正含义：我们将捍卫这些不言而喻的真理，即所有人生来平等。我有一个梦：有一天在乔治亚洲红色的山丘上，从前的奴隶的子孙们能和奴隶主的子孙们像兄弟一样坐在同一张桌旁；我有一个梦我的四个孩子有一天将生活在这样一个国度，在那里，人们不以肤色，而是以品格来评价他们。当自由的钟声响起的时候，当我们让它从每一个村庄，每一个州，每一个城市响起的时候，我们将能够加速这一天的到来。那是，上帝所有的孩子，无论黑人白人还是犹太人，异教徒。天主教徒，还是新教徒，他们都能够手挽手歌唱那古老的黑人圣歌：“终于自由了，终于自由了，感谢上帝，我们终于自由了！”
四．I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering. You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word, it is victory. Victory at all costs—victory in spite of all terrors—victory, however long and hard the road may be, for without victory there is no survival. Let that be realized, no survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that British Empire has stood for , no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall more forward toward his goal. I take up my task in buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men. I feel entitled at this juncture, at this time, to claim the aid of all and to say, “Come then, let us go forward together with our united strength.”
我能奉献的唯有热血、辛劳、泪水和汗水。我们所面临的将是一场极为残酷的考验，我们面临的将是旷日持久的斗争和苦难。你若问我们的目标是什么？我可以用一个词来概括，那就是胜利。不惜一切代价去夺取胜利，不畏惧一切恐怖去夺取胜利，不论前路再长再苦也要多去胜利，因为没有胜利纠无法生存！我们必须意识到，没有胜利就没有大英帝国，没有胜利就没有大英帝国所象征的一切，没有胜利就没有多少世纪以来强烈的要求和冲动：人类应当向自己的目标迈进。此刻，我的精神振奋，满怀信心地承当起自己的人物。我确信，只要我们大家联合，我们的事业就不会挫败。此时此刻千钧一发之际，我觉得我有权要求各方面的支持。我要呼吁：“来吧，让我们群策努力，并肩迈进！”
五. My fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country. My fellow citizens of the world, ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of men. Finally whether you are citizens of America, or citizens of the world, ask of us here, the same high standards of strength and sacrifice which we ask of you. With a good conscience of our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love, asking His blessing and His help, but knowing that here on earth, God's work must truly be our own.--By John F. Kennedy
译文：
美国同胞们，不要问美国能为你们做些什么，应该问你们能为美国贡献些什么。全世界的同胞们，不要问美国将为你做些什么，应该问我们一同能为人类的自由做些什么。最后，无论你是美国公民还是其他国家的同胞，你们应该要求我们献出我们同样要求于你们的高度的力量和牺牲。无愧于心是我们惟一可靠的奖赏，历史是我们行动最终的裁判。这一切让我们大步向前，去引领我们所热爱的这片土地。我们祈求上帝的保佑和帮助，但我们很清楚，上帝在尘世的工作必定是我们自己的工作。 --[美]约翰·肯尼迪
这里已经有20篇英语日记了
January 13 2005
It was the first day of our winter holiday. All of us were very happy. Why? Because we have one months to do things we love to do. We are free. Although we have some homework. But we can finish them in several days. And the rest time we can make good use of. My god! We have been very tired after hard studying. In winter holidays, I want to have full sleep and eat good food in order to replenish myself. Last but not the least, I will have a good rest.
January 14 2005
It was the second day of our winter holiday. I felt good. I felt I’m free. I had a lot of time to do things I like. My parents are in Beijing. So I live alone but I don’t feel lonely. But I didn’t do something special. I stayed at home and watched TV. Oh! I wrote an English daily composition. It was my homework. Today, I have slept for 14 hours. I thought I was very tired. It was time for dinner. I must go! I am very hungry.
January 15 2005
It was the third day of our winter holiday. Today, there are many business in my mother’s company. So my mother told me to help my uncle who is the manager of my mother’s company. I sat in my mother’s office and help her answer the telephone. While I was free, I was writing my homework. Although I also have a lot of time to do my homework, I still do it. Because in my mother’s office, I had nothing to do. If I did nothing, I was wasting my time and my life. I can’t do the foolish thing. We should take good use of our time.
January 16 2005
It is a special day today. My mother sent one hundred basket of red bayberries. I like to eat red bayberries. It tastes nice. When they arrived in Shanghai, they were still fresh. But most of them would be sent to my mother’s business friends. I chose the best basket of red bayberries to eat. I put the rest in my refrigerator. Red bayberry is my hometown’s special product. It is well-known in china. Many people like to eat it.
January 17 2005
Today, I still went to my mother’s office. My mother was very busy, so was my father. They always live in Beijing. They must get up early. Because they will manage the factory. So I know they are very laborious. So I should save my money. Also I should help them. Although I can’t do something useful, but I think I should share the work with them. I am one of my family member. In the future, I will take a job and work. It’ time for me to begin to learn how to work.
January 18 2005
I have rested for a week. I began to feel bored. So I went out with my friends. They are my best friends in the middle school. We didn’t go to someplace special. We just saw the other. We had lunch together. While we were having lunch, we were still talking about the new school and new friends. Yes! A year later, we have grown riper. And we learned much more things and got new life. We haven’t enough time to play, to waste and to lose the way. We only have two years. Two years to go, we will get the real life which belongs to us.
January 19 2005
I have stayed in Shanghai alone for a week. It’s time for me to go to my real home—it is in Beijing. My parents are waiting for me. Although outside is no matter how beautiful, Beijing is still my home. In fact, there is many fresh things. Like red bayberries. In the afternoon, I took a bus to Beijing. I was very unlucky that my mp3 was stolen. I was very sad. I didn’t know why thieves went to steal other’s things. Why don’t they hunt for a job? I don’t why! I hope there is no thief in our motherland.
January 20 2005
When I got home, it was very dark. Why? There is no electric. Every year in Beijing, there is lack of electric to supply. Because there are a lot of factories. And it is very cold in winter. So the government decided: supply electric to resident and the factories must stop working. My house is in the manufacturing district. I was unlucky. It was very cold. So my father use the electric making machine to make electric. Oh! What a unlucky winter!
January 21 2005
It was cooler than yesterday. One of my father’s friends invited me to eat red bayberries. You must know it is unusual. Because we will climb the hill to eat red bayberries. There is no chance to eat red bayberries in the hill for the people who don’t live in Beijing. On the hill, you can breathe the fresh air, you can listen birds singing and you can eat red bayberries. It was enjoyable. It is said there are wild pigs in the hill. What a beautiful natural.
January 22 2005
Today I found time was a cruel thing. Whatever man is, time always goes on. It won’t stay to wait for somebody. You can’t use anything to exchange time. Time is also a fair thing. Although you have a lot of money or you enjoy high reputation, time won’t leave them more. Today I found I hadn’t enough time. Although I have 50-day holiday, but I found I had a lot of things to do. I had a lot of homework to do and I had something necessary to do.
January 23 2005
I have rested for 10 days. In these days, I felt very bored. I didn’t know to do what. Although I had a lot of things to do, I felt uncomfortable. I was ill because of the cold weather. I was tired, sleepy and had no strength. My parents are worried about my health. in fact, it didn’t matter. I was always in the room with air-conditioner and opened it in a low temperature. So when I went out, the high temperature disagreed to me. Finally, I was ill.
January 24 2005
Today, when I awaked up, I found the air-conditioner didn’t work. I used the control, but it still didn’t work. I knew the air-conditioner was in trouble. I went downstairs. My father told me two air-conditioner and two computer had been broken. Because my father used electric making machine to make electric, so the voltage was not stable. It led to the trouble. Oh! Whenever the government will let the factory use electric? If it lasts longer, I will be crazy!!
January 25 2005
It doesn’t matter that the air-conditioner has been broken. But my notebook-computer also was broken. I really don’t know what to do. So I went to play basketball. I didn’t know any one in that place. And I was the first time to go there to play basketball. At first, there was no person playing basketball. So I played basketball alone. A few minutes later, some students came to play. So we played together. Of course, we had a match. And It lasts two hours. After the match, I felt I would be dead. I was too tired.
January 25 2005
No computer, I will not know to do what. I have no solution to the problem. So I sent my notebook-computer to the Asus computer company. I must have my computer repaired. And the other one, it was thoroughly broken. It can’t be repaired again.The computer company told me that my notebook computer needed one week to repair. The electric led to all trouble. And many electrical appliances are broken. I don’t know when our country can solve the problem.
January 26 2005
I have lost two computers, but I had another one. I bought it about five years ago. It can be called curio. Though it was old. But it can still work. Although it works slowly, I was pleased. I can go on internet again. Chatting with my friends is a good relaxing. In the internet, one of my old friends invited me to tomorrow’s party. He told me that some friends would go, too. So I promised to go. A-ha! I can see my old friends. I was very happy and hopeful.
January 27 2005
It was sunny today. I was excited. I got up at a quarter to seven. I made a appointment to meet at nine o’clock. After I had my breakfast, I went to the city center of Beijing. It was cold outside. When I arrived, my friends didn’t arrive. I waited for him in front of the KFC’s door. I haven’t seen them for a year. And in a year, we didn’t come into contact with others frequently. About ten minutes left, my friends arrived one by one. After we greeted, we went to the 5-star restaurant to have lunch. The lunch cost us 800 yuan. Oh, dear! They were all very rich, and one was poor.
January 28 2005
Yesterday we played happily, but there were only ten people. I remembered last year there were twenty-two people at all. I heard some my friends had gone abroad. They went abroad to study. Maybe I couldn’t see them in the future. I think next year we won’t make a party. Next year is a very important year. We all will prepare for the college entrance examination. It is the most important for us now.
January 29 2005
I was bored. So I wanted to travel to Hong Kang. I told my father my decision. To my surprise, my father agreed. My father thought I always at home was bad. He thought I should go out to see our country clearly. How beautiful our country is! My father drove me a travel service. I filled out an application form. After that, the agency would finish every things. At last the agency told me it would take a week time to transact procedures.
January 30 2005
The screen of my father’s mobile telephone is broken. When you open the mobile telephone, the screen is always white with light. You can’t see from the screen. And my father is a businessman. He needed a new one. So my father and I went to the electrical appliance shop. There are many new kinds of mobile telephones. At first, my father chose a Sumsung one. But all the telephones have sold out. Finally, my father chose a Motorola one.
January 31 2005
The food in Shanghai disagree me. I think the food in Beijing is the most delicious. Seafood in Beijing is very fresh. Prawns in restaurant are all alive. And there are many food that you can’t see in other cities. It is very cheap that you eat seafood in Beijing. The less money you pay, the more enjoyable you are. Maybe my stomach is ill. Whatever food I eat, I am still thin. And I am too thin, I want to be a litter fatter. So I must eat more.
February 1 2005
My dog will be dead. She is very old. We have kept her for ten years. Now her hairs are falling. And she always lies on the ground. She can’t see very clearly. She eats a little. She becomes thin. She was very strong before. She is still guarding my family. She is one of my family member. Now we are all uneasy because she will die. I think you may know my thinking. Even if it is a dog, you can’t forget it. So these days, we feet her the best food.
这里只有1篇7年级政治课学习总结
尊重他人是我的需要]
他人对我们的尊重与关爱，使我们充满了自豪与快乐。那我们也有责任去维护他人的尊严，这是自尊的需要。
尊重他人，就是尊重自己:
1.维护自尊的来源，需要我们尊重他人，以获得别人对我们的尊重。
2.维护自尊的成长，我们需要他人的关注，更全面地来认识自己，提升自己的自尊。
3.人人有自尊，将心比心，我们需要与他人同享自尊的快乐。
4.只有互相尊重，才能塑造一个良好的社会环境。而一个良好的社会环境，能让自尊更快乐地成长。
打不下那么多啊，我用我的另一个用户给你打吧！若是你采纳就采纳这个用户（梁晓玮）的！
不要这样。。。
虽然我也想偷懒。
但
最好还是自己写吧
毕竟暑假这么久。。。
英语文章2篇：
1.To the school students,video games are very popular.Some students spend all day long in playing them.Some even play truant.They forget to do their homework.They will ask their parents for money in order to play games.If they can't get money from their parents,they may do something wrong,such as stoling money .It is dangerous to school students.And it's not good for them.
We can play video games for relaxing sometimes when we feel tired after school.But we can't always play them.
2.When you are waiting in front of a theatre or at the train terminal, you will realize how important punctuality is. Punctuality is really a virtue, especially in a modern life. Perhaps if everybody was punctual, there would be less suffering and sorrow.
Punctuality is the main constituent of good character. A person who is on time for his appointment shows his real consideration for others. On the other hand, a person who is always late shows his selfishness and thoughtlessness and he is not the person that is worthy to be friends with.
英语日记4篇：
July 7 2009
It was the second day of our summer holiday. I felt good. I felt I am free. I had a lot of time to do things I like. My parents are in Zhongshan. So I live alone but I don’t feel lonely. But I didn’t do something special. I stayed at home and watched TV. Oh! I wrote an Englishdaily composition. It was my homework. Today, I have slept for 14 hours.I thought I was very tired. It was time for dinner. I must go! I am very hungry.
July 10 2009
I am planning to spend my summer holiday on sports this year. Playing basketball is always my favourite, so some of my classmates and I will form a small team and play basketball together. Sometimes we may have a match against some other teams and I do enjoy the sense when we win the game.
July 14 2009
Today I found time was a cruel thing. Whatever man is, time always goes on. It won’t stay to wait for somebody. You can’t use anything to exchange time. Time is also a fair thing. Although you have a lot of money or you enjoy high reputation, time won’t leave them more. Today I found I hadn’t enough time. Although I have more than a-month holiday, but I found I had a lot of things to do. I had a lot of homework to do and I am essential to complete the homework as soon as I have time.
July 24 2009
I have rested for 10 days. In these days, I felt very bored. I didn’t know to do what. Although I had a lot of things to do, I felt uncomfortable. I was ill because of the hot weather. I was tired, sleepy and had no strength. My parents are worried about my health. in fact, it didn’t matter. I was always in the room with air-conditioner and opened it in a low temperature. So when I went out, the high temperature disagreed to me.At last, I was ill.
July 24 2006
I have rested for 10 days. In these days, I felt very bored. I didn’t know to do what. Although I had a lot of things to do, I felt uncomfortable. I was ill because of the hot weather. I was tired, sleepy and had no strength. My parents are worried about my health. in fact, it didn’t matter. I was always in the room with air-conditioner and opened it in a low temperature. So when I went out, the high temperature disagreed to me.At last, I was ill.
政治总结（7上7下）有点多哦！你可以省略，。
七上
第一课
1、 人的情绪是多种多样的，也是复杂多变的，最常见的情绪有四大类：喜、怒、哀、惧。
人的情绪可分为：积极情绪和消极情绪两类。
2、 情绪产生和变化的原因：
(1)人的需要是否得到满足，是情绪产生变化的一个重要原因。当人的需要得到一定的满足时，就会产生积极的情绪；而当人的需要得不到满足或事与愿违时，往往会产生消极的情绪。
(2)不同的情境下会产生不同的情绪
3、 为什么说情绪不同，结果不同
（1） 不同的情绪对人正常才能的发挥产生不同的影响。（
2） 不同的情绪会对人的身心健康产生不同的影响。4、每个人的生活都不可能是一帆风顺的，有时难免会产生消极情绪。产生消极情绪并不可怕，关键在于学会及时地调节和控制情绪。调控情绪的方法有：理智调控法、注意力转移法、幽默化解法、积极的自我暗示。
5、合理宣泄情绪的方式：哭泣宣泄，运动宣泄，书写宣泄，倾诉宣泄
6、宣泄情绪应注意：情绪的宣泄要在道德和法律允许的范围内进行，不能妨碍他人，不能损害他人和集体的利益。
第二课
7．高雅情趣的含义
8．庸俗情趣的含义
庸俗情趣的危害
9、 为什么要培养高雅情趣（培养高雅情趣的意义，重要性）：
①高雅情趣能使人追求健康、文明的生活方式，使人修身养性，经常保持一种良好的心境，有益于身心健康。（体）
②高雅的情趣可以拓宽人们学习和活动的领域，发展人的想象力，使人充满活力，有助于开发智力和激发创造力。 （智）
③高雅情趣能催人上进，改变人的精神面貌，提高人的文化修养，使人道德高尚，使生活充实而富有意义。 （德）
10、怎样培养高雅情趣
11、你 对“好奇心”是怎样认识的？
12、.盲目从众的含义及危害。
13、培养高雅情趣的重要途径：丰富的文化生活
14、.怎样杜绝不良嗜好？
第三课
15、不良诱惑的危害
16、怎样自觉抵制不良诱惑？
17、一般违法与犯罪的联系与区别
结论：有一般违法行为的人，若不及时改正，发展下去，就可能导致犯罪。可见，一般违法与犯罪之间有着密切的联系，二者之间没有不可逾越的鸿沟。
18、 怎样做到遵纪守法，防微杜渐？（怎样预防违法犯罪？）
第四课
1、（未满18周岁的公民）未成年人为什么受法律的特殊保护？
2、对青少年进行特殊保护的专门法律：《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法》、《中华人民共和国预防未成年人犯罪法》
3、怎样使未成年人得到有效的保护？
4、未成年人进行自我保护的方法和技能有哪些5、获得法律帮助的方式和途径有哪些？（受侵害后，如何维权？）
当自己的合法权益受到侵害时，我们要善于拿起法律武器，运用法律手段，维护自己的合法权益。
6、诉讼通常分为刑事诉讼、民事诉讼、行政诉讼三种。
第五课
1、生活中充满了真善美，也有假恶丑。有是非善恶。
2、是非善恶对个人和社会各有什么影响？
3、为什么要明辨是非善恶？（明辨是非善恶的重要意义）
只有明辨是非善恶，才能把握好自己的生活方向，实现积极向上人生目标；才能自觉用道德和法律约束自己行为，杜绝不良嗜好，抵制不良诱惑，过积极健康生活；才能积极同丑恶现象作斗争，能使自己逐步成为一个正直的人。
4、怎样明辨是非善恶？（面对是非善恶，如何做出正确选择？）
第六课
1、行为与结果之间存在着什么关系？
(1) 每一种行为都会产生一定的结果。
(2)不同的行为有不同的结果。→为什么2、为什么要对自己行为的后果做出正确的判断？怎样判断？
3、如何做到对自己的行为负责？
七（下）
第一课 珍惜无价的自尊
自尊自信人人都需要的
1． 自尊的表现：注意容貌上的修饰、举止方面的文雅以及行为的后果。
2． 自尊：即自我尊重，指既不向别人卑躬屈膝，也不允许别人歧视、侮辱。
3． 一般来说，一个没有自尊的人，也很难得到别人的尊重。
4． 别人欣赏我们的长处，不耻笑我们的弱点与缺点，这种被尊重更能使我们体验到快乐与感动。自尊与被人尊重都是快乐的。
5． 真正有自尊心的人，必定是知耻的人。
6． 知耻是自尊的重要表现。
7． 虚荣心：是一种追求表面上的荣耀、光彩的心理。（认识生活中的虚心的具体表现）
8． 世界上最名贵的衣服，不是珍珠衫，不是羽衣霓裳，惭愧知耻是最美丽的服装。
9． 尊重他人是人生的一道底线，是人生的一个亮点，自尊无价。
尊重他人是我的需要
1． 尊重他人是自尊的需要，也是自我完善的需要。
2． 我们有责任去关心他人的自尊，维护他人的尊严。
3． 要想赢得他人的尊重，首先要尊重他人。
4． 尊重他人的表现：⑴欣赏、鼓励、期待等角度来善待对方；⑵不做损害他人的事情。
彼此尊重才能赢得尊重
1． 自尊的人最看重自己的人格。
2． 生活中有损人格的不良习惯：说谎、逃避责任、假公济私、阳奉阴违等。
3． 自尊者达观：不必太在意他人的议论和态度，要适度自尊。
4． 尊重他人的最基本的表现，就是对人有礼貌，尊重他人的劳动，尊重他人的人格。
5． 怎样尊重他人？ ⑴首先，要善于欣赏、接纳他人；⑵其次，不做有损他人人格的事情。
6． 尊重可以使人理智，尊重可以使人悔过，尊重可以唤醒人的良知，产生无法估量的下面效应。
第二课
1． 每个成功者都相信“我能行”。
2． “我能行”的经历归结起来，就是在思想上相信我能行，行为上表现我能行，情感上体验我能行。
3． 自信，是对自身力量的确信，深信自己能做成某件事，实现所追求的目标。
4． 自卑与自负都是自信的误区。⑴自卑的人，轻视自己，看不到自己的能力，可以做得很好，也不敢尝试；⑵自负的人，自以为了不起，过高的估计自己，看不起别人，自以为是。（生活中注意区分这两种人）
自信是成功的基石
1． 自负与自卑都是以我为中心，以我为中心的心态会使他远离成功。
2． 自信有助成功 自信者良好的心理品质：⑴乐观，⑵好奇，⑶专注。
唱响自信之歌
1． 有了自信才能有成绩，有成绩就会更自信。
2． 看到我们学习、生活中的进步（想一想）
3． 发现自己的长处，是自信的基础。
4． 实力，才是支撑信心最重要的杠杆。
5． 我们只有把个人的命运与祖国的发展结合在一起，的自信才有坚如磐石的根基。
第三课
1． 自立，就是自己的事情自己干。
2． 自立在生活中的表现 （举例）
3． 人生需要自立：走进社会，经历风雨、见世面；法律要求我们自立。
4． 走向自立我们需要培养哪些能力？ 如展示：⑴推销自己的能力，⑵与人沟通、善解人意的能力 ，⑶远用法律维护自己权益的能力，⑷不断学习、充实自己的能力等等。
告别依赖 走向自立
1． 依赖思想的危害： 2． 告别依赖，一个重要的表现是独立地生活。
3． 自己的事自己负责的前提是要自主。 （自主就是遇事有主见，能对自己的行为负责。）
4． 自立与自主的关系：自立的前提是自主，自主的表现是自立。
5． 有了独立自主的愿望，即自立的意识后，又该怎样培养自己的自立能力呢？
6． 请你谈：你如何“告别依赖，走向自立”？
第四课
1． 自强，就是对未来充满希望，永远向上，奋发进取。
2． 自强精神表现在困难面前
3． 自强是，通向成功的阶梯。
4． 自弃与自强是对立的。
5． 自弃，是指自己懒惰成性，得过且过，不求上进，不思进取。
6． 自弃的人最终将一事无成。
少年能自强
第五课
1． 所有自强者共同的特点：对人生理想执著追求。
2． 自强的关键：战胜自我。 自强的捷径：扬长避短。
3． 人最大的敌人：自己。
4． 少年怎样才能自强？ 第三单元
第五课
1． 挫折，就是所谓 “钉子”，即人们所遇到的失利、失败和阻碍等。
2． 挫折与人生相伴；挫折普遍存在，难以避免。
3． 造成挫折的因素有多方面的
4． 面对挫折和困难，大致有三种人
1． 挫折的作用
2． 人们在战胜一次又一次挫折后赢得的最宝贵的礼物：智慧。
3． 挫折的有效方法？
4． 战胜挫折、克服消极心理的有效方法
5． 自我疏导的方法
第六课 为坚强喝彩
让我们选择坚强
1． 意志坚强的人有哪些表现？ 意志坚强的人，⑴对自己的行动的动机和目的有清醒而深刻的认识。⑵能在复杂的情境中冷静而迅速地判断发生的情况，毫不迟疑地采取坚决的措施和行动。⑶在碰到挫折和失败的时候，可以调节自己的消极情绪，控制自己的言行，不灰心、不气馁、不焦躁。⑷能够以顽强的精神、百折不挠的毅力，战胜挫折和困难，实现自己的目标。（即：自觉性、果断性、自制力、坚韧性。）
2． 坚强意志的意义（作用）？⑴坚定正确的人生方向，需要坚强意志。⑵走出失败的阴影，需要坚强意志。⑶形成良好的学习习惯，需要坚强意志。⑷成就一番事业，需要坚强意志。
3． 能否将失败转化为成功的关键：有没有坚强的意志品质。
钢铁是这样炼成的
1． 坚强的意志是怎样炼成的？ ⑴必须树立明确的目标。⑵要从细微之处做起，从小来做起。 ⑶善于管理自己。 ⑷主动在艰苦的环境中锻炼自己。你需要从哪些小事做起：想一想
2． 品味：宝剑锋从磨砺出，梅花香自苦寒来
第四单元
第七课
走近法律
1． 规矩，就是人们说话、做事所依据的标准，也就是社会成员都应遵的行为规则。
2． 有规矩、懂规矩、守规矩十分重要。
3． 我们身边的规矩有很多。可分为三类：道德、纪律、法律。
4． 法律的显著特征：⑴由国家制定或认可。⑵国家强制力保证实施，具有强制性。⑶对全体社会成员具有普遍约束力。
5． 我们的生活离不开法律。
6． 我国法律：作为人民意志和利益和体现，它通过规定权利和义务，规范全体社会成员的行为。
7． 法律的作用： ⑴规范作用。（突出地表现为规定人们可以做什么，必须做什么，应该做什么，不应该做什么。）⑵保护作用。
法不可违
1． 我们维护自尊，培养自信，实现自立，力求自强，一个重要的条件就是要守规矩，尤其是不能违反法律。
2． 违法行为，凡不履行法律规定的义务，或者做出法律所禁止的行为都是违法行为。
3． 违法行为，可分为：行政违法行为、民事违法行为、刑事违法行为。（违宪 行为）
4． 行政违法行为、民事违法行为，又叫一般违法行为； 刑事违法行为，属于严重违法行为，是犯罪行为。
5． 刑法，以国名义规定什么行为是犯罪和对犯罪分子处以何种刑罚的法律。
6． 犯罪，是指具有严重社会危害性、触犯刑法并依法应受刑法处罚的行为。
7． 犯罪具有三个基本特征：第一，具有严重社会危害性的行为。严重危害性，是犯罪的最本质特征。第二，一种触犯刑法的。刑事违法性，是犯罪的法律标志。第三，应当受到刑罚处罚的行为。刑罚的当罚性，是犯罪的严重危害性及刑事违法的必然后果。
8． 刑罚，又叫刑事处罚、刑事处分，是指人民法院对犯罪分子实行惩罚的一种强制方法。
9． 我国刑罚的种类分为：主刑，包括管制、拘役、有期徒刑、无期徒刑、死刑五种； 附加刑，包括罚金、剥夺政治权利、没收财产三种。
10犯罪历来是国家法律打击的重点，犯罪分子终究要受到来历的刑事处罚。
防患于未然
1． 遵守法律，是践行道德的表现。
2． 犯罪行为人的心理都是想获得某种满足。
3． 要在心灵深处憎恶违法犯罪，行为上远离违法犯罪。
4． 规范未成年人行为的法律是：《中华人民共和国预防未成年人犯罪法》
5． 想一想，我们身边的不良行为有哪些?并能采取相应的预防和矫正措施。
6． 品味：“近朱者赤，近墨者黑”；“小洞不补，大洞吃苦”。“忽以恶小而为之，忽以善小而不为”。
第八课 法律护我成长
特殊的保护 特殊的爱
1． 凡未满18周岁的公民都是未成年人。
2． 专门保护我们的合法权益的法律有：《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法》、《中华人民共和国预防未成年人犯罪法》。
3． 在未成年人保护法中为我们设置了四道防线：家庭保护、学校保护、社会保护、司法保护。
4． 家庭保护的含义：要求父母或者其他监护人依法履行对未成年人的抚养、监护的职责，尊重未成年人受教育的权利。
5． 学校保护的含义：要求学校等教育机构依照法律的规定，对未成年人进行教育，并对他们的身心健康和合法权益实施保护。
6． 学校保护涉及未成年人的教育和发展、人身权利的维护、生命安全的保障等方面。
7． 社会保护的含义：要求全社会创造一种有利于未成年人健康成长的社会环境。
8． 社会保护包括对未成年人的社会文化保护、身体健康保护、劳动保护、自由权和精神的保护等方面。
9． 司法保护的含义：要求公安机关、人民检察院、人民法院以及司法行政部门等依法履行职责，对未成年人实施专门保护措施。
善用法律保护自己
1． 我们维护权益的最有力的武器就是法律。
2． 能够为我们提供法律帮助的机构：法律服务所、律师事务所、公证处、法律援助中心等。
3． 维护我们合法权益的途径：1）非诉讼手段；2）诉讼手段。
4． 非诉讼手段是我们维护合法权益常用的有效手段。它包括：⑴向政府有关部门、司法机关、人民团体、有关社会团体等等方面反映问题，寻求帮助，以解决问题；⑵通过调解、仲裁等方式，解决争议、纠纷，保障公民权益
5． 诉讼的含义：它是指人民法院主持有利害关系人参与的处理纠纷的程序。
6． 诉讼是维护我们的合法权益最正规、最权威、最有效的一种手段，是保护我们权益的最后屏障。
7． 诉讼通常分为三种类型：刑事诉讼、民事诉讼、行政诉讼。
8． 刑事诉讼：是指由国家机关在当事人和其他诉讼参与人的参加下，依法揭露犯罪、证实犯罪、罪犯的活动。
9． 民事诉讼：是人民法院在当事人和其他诉讼参与人的参加下，依法审理案件的解决纠纷的活动。
10． 行政诉讼：俗称“打官司”，是人民法院在双方当事人的参与下，依照司法诉讼程序解决行政争议案件的活动。
10敢打官司。
11同违法犯罪行为做斗争，是包括我们青少年在内的全体公民义不容辞的责任。
12违法犯罪分子往往是凶恶、狡猾的。我们与其斗争时，既要勇敢，又要机智。行之有效的好方法：设法稳住歹徒，记住歹徒相貌，歹徒去向，及时拨打“110”报警电话。
倡议书：
如今社会,出现许多破坏社会秩序的人.在抵御他的时候,要学会自我保护.
我在网上曾看见一个故事：记得一个星期四的下午，放学后“我”高高兴兴地往家里走去。当“我”走到居委会时，看到前面在修路，于是“我”绕道而行，从另外一条小路走回家。
走着走着，忽然听见一个声音：“小妹妹，你放学啦？”“我”抬头一看，一位陌生的中年男子出现在“我”的面前。“嗯，放学了。”“我”随口回了一句。“我是你爸爸的同事，你不认识我了吗？”陌生人笑眯眯地对“我”说。“我”抬头看了看他，心里在回忆那些我见过的爸爸的同事，“我这有几粒好吃的糖给你吃。”说完他拉住“我”的手，拿出几粒糖给我。“我”心里在想，这个人“我”没见过呀，他是认错人还是……。“我”灵机一动问道：“你也是开卡车的吗？我爸爸今天开车去哪了？”“对！对！你爸爸开车出去了，叫我来接你”。说完陌生人剥了一粒糖，想往“我”嘴里塞。“是坏人，我爸爸根本不是开车的。”“我”心里一下子紧张起来，怎么办？平时在电视中和报刊杂志上看到过不少坏人骗小孩的案件，今天被“我”遇见了，怎么办？他手里的糖肯定有问题，“我”决不能吃。“我是不吃糖的，难道我爸爸没和你说过吗？”“我”急中生智地说，“噢，我忘了。”陌生人无奈地把糖放进袋里，“我带你去见你爸爸。”他拉着我的手说道。“我”慢吞吞地走着，大脑却在高速运转着，平时爸 爸妈妈教过我很多自救自护的方法，杂志上也有好多这方面的文章。对了，我有办法了。“每次去爸爸那里，我都会帮爸爸买包烟的，我们去小店买好烟就去爸爸那儿。”“我”笑嘻嘻地对陌生人说，“那好吧，要快点，你爸爸在等你。”看着他那自以为是的样子，“我”不禁暗暗在笑：你上当了。陌生人拉着我的手来到小店，这时，“我”指着远处迎面而来的男子说道：“爸爸，你怎么回来了。”一旁的陌生人脸一下子紧张起来，紧紧拉着我的手也突然松开了。“我”对陌生人说：“爸爸回来了，我们过去吧！”“不、 不，我有事先走了。”只见他惊慌失措地说道，然后往后面跑去，一眨眼就不见了踪影。
这件事告诉我一个道理，不要吃陌生人的食物，当遇见坏人时，要保持冷静，
正确运用自己的智慧与坏人周旋，以做到自我保护的目的。
学会自我保护是一件多么重要的事啊！它不但能在比必要时给予我们帮助还能令我们减少许多不必要的麻烦.
学习计划：
1、树立学好思想政治课的信心。信心是获得成功的第一步。要学好思想政治课，首先必须树立一定能够学好的信心。我们平时可以多了解一些“补弱”成功的例子，用榜样的力量激励自己。在制定目标时，我们要从小、从低开始，积极创造学习思想政治课进步的记录，进行自我激励，不断提高自信心。 祝你成功 天天向上
2、培养学习的兴趣。“兴趣是最好的老师”。培养自己学习思想政治课的兴趣可以从以下几个方面入手：（1）用崇高远大的理想和明确的学习目的来激发学习的兴趣。（2）同思想政治课学习教好的同学组成学习小组，互相取长补短，交流学习心得，来培养学习的兴趣。（3）融洽师生关系。若是由于师生关系不融洽造成学习思想 政治课兴趣不高，就应努力改善师生关系，听从老师的教诲，做到“亲其师，信其道”。 祝你成功 天天向上
3、采取正确的学习方法。这可以表现在学习过程的各个方面：（1）学习环节方面。听课时，要集中精力弄懂老师讲授的内容，做 好课堂笔记，遇到不明白的问题，课余时间应主动问老师或同学 。课后的作业应及时、认真地完成。学会有意识地归纳整理所学知 识，使之系统化。平时多读一些有关思想政治的报刊、书籍，经常收看电视新闻，了解国内外发生的重大时事。（2）学用结合方面。要坚 持理论联系实际的原则，善于运用所学知识分析、认识社会热点问题和身边的生活问题，提高自己分析问题、解决问题的能力。（3）学 好思想政治课还要做到有计划、先易后难，循序渐进，不断提高自己学习思想政治课的成绩。
心得体会：
318年，刘曜自立为帝改国号为赵，迁国都于长安。史称前赵，以别于319年石勒的后赵。公元328年，刘曜与后赵作战，兵败被杀。次年，太子降于后赵。
329年，石勒建立的后赵政权，务除前赵积弊，实力得以迅速发展，足与东晋相抗。石勒死后，子石弘继位，为其侄石虎所杀，石虎自立为帝，迁都于邺(今河北临漳)。石虎为人极端残暴，穷兵黩武，令许多人为筹措从军装备被迫卖儿鬻女，或途中自刎则，死者相望，而征令仍有加无已。他又听信胡言，残酷奴役汉人。
石虎死后，其子十余人互相残杀，石虎的养孙汉人冉闵杀死傀儡皇帝石鉴，自立为帝，改国号为魏，史称冉魏。他限制“六夷” (匈奴、鲜卑、羯、氐、羌、巴氐)，下令邺都城门大开， “与官同心者住，不同心者任所之”。结果“六夷”纷纷出城，百里内外的汉人，则蜂涌而来。冉闵看到“胡”人终与自己“离心离德” ，竟下令无论男女老少，格杀勿论，致使二十余万人暴尸于野。冉魏政权的大屠杀引起中原少数民族的恐慌和围攻，后赵石祗在襄国称帝，并与前燕慕容儁、羌族姚弋仲联合，打败冉闵。 351年，石祗又被杀，后赵亡。次年，慕容儁斩冉闵，冉魏亡。河北二十余万汉人不甘侮辱，纷纷渡河南逃江南，但受到截击，死亡殆尽。
由上可以看出冉闵宰杀“胡人”是出于种族仇杀而实行的种族灭绝政策！冉闵战败被俘，慕容后斥责他：“汝奴仆下才，何得妄称帝？”闵曰：“天下大乱，尔曹夷狄禽兽之类尤称帝，况我中土英雄，何为不得称帝也！” 冉闵这话说的尤其漂亮，当真是豪气干云！然而，冉闵被“胡人”收养二十多年，期间肯定也是杀汉人无数。弑君篡位后，却杀尽曹夷，反称夷狄为禽兽，说的和做的全不是一回事！
--over--
希望对你有帮助！

2020年托福独立口语高频话题一览表

　　对于正在进行托福独立写作的同学来说，大家对于托福独立口语话题熟悉吗？下面就和一起来看看2020年托福独立口语高频话题一览表。
　 　考试话题
　 　高频话题
　　在托福独立写作考试中，高频话题主要有3类：教育类、工作类、年轻人类。
　 　中频话题
　　在托福独立写作考试中，中频话题主要有2类：生活方式类和政府类。
　　 低频话题
　　在托福独立写作考试中，低频话题主要有2类：科技类和抽象类。
　　在这其中教育类话题和工作类话题在考试中出现的频率是最高的。下面我整理了这2类话题的题目展示，希望对大家的托福独立写作备考有帮助。
　 　教育类话题：
　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement？
　　Students would receive a better education if they were required to attend classes for 11 months of a year.
　　In 20 years from now on， students will not use printed books anymore.
　　Teachers should be paid according to how well their students perform.
　　Parents should give money to their children as a reward for their high marks at school.
　　Parents do not understand their children as well as parents did 50 years ago.
　　Children should play sports only for fun， so they should not attend competitions.
　　 工作类话题：
　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement？
　　Having a job with a low-paying salary but that is highly secure is better than 1 having a job with a high salary but that is easy to lose.
　　Working at home using computers or telephones is better than working in the office.
　　It was easier to identify what jobs or careers were secure and successful in the past than it is now.
　　The most important characteristic of a good political or business leader is the ability to take responsibility for mistakes.
　　An effective leader will make others feel like they are a part of making decisions.
　　The best leaders are those who are willing to admit if they have made a bad decision.
　 　常考题型
　　首先你要知道托福口语主要有2类题型：独立口语和综合口语。1、2题属于独立题，准备时间为15秒，回答问题时间为45秒。题型要求考生就某一话题阐述自己的观点。问题会被朗读出来，同时会出现在屏幕上。第一道题要求考生根据题目表达自己的观点并解释原因。第二道题要求考生在两个相反的事物中选择一个并解释原因。3—6题均为综合题。
　　第三题和第四题是集合了读，听，说的形式。阅读时间为45秒，听力时间为60秒-120秒，准备时间为30秒，回答时间为60秒。也就是先阅读一篇文章，听一篇文章，然后回答问题。阅读材料为一个自然段，75-100个单词，听力材料是两个学生的对话，是对阅读材料中提出的问题的评论。
　　第四题就是学术题，学生学习方面的，阅读材料为75-100个单词的长度学术性材料，托福听力材料是老师的课堂讲解。考生可以在听录音的过程中做笔记来帮助答题。 第五题和第六题集合了听、说的形式。相比第三、四题少了一份阅读材料。
　　听力时间为60秒-120秒，准备时间为20秒，回答时间为60秒。第五道题是听力材料题。它是一道情景题，是学生之间关于学习生活中涉及的任意话题的对话。在这道题的回答时你要注意：学生说到的问题是什么？两种解决问题的方法是什么？你更赞同哪种方法，为什么？
　　第五题的听力会阐明主人公遇到的一个问题，同时另一方会和主人公一起讨论问题的两个解决方案和吐槽这些方案的利弊，也就是 problems=> solutions。而我们需要在之后的60秒中阐明Problem=> two solutions=> your personal choice+ reasons。
　　第六道题是学术题，内容可如历史课老师在讲课等，整体来说是一个总分结构的讲座，有一个主题和两条线索，需要我们总结两条线索来说明主题。考生可以在听录音的过程中做笔记来帮助答题。

以“My dream 2020”为题的英语作文

My dream 2020 is I can see all human back to nature. In the stone age, homa sapiens are all naked. I like to be naked to be near to nature. I don't care individual organs are big or small, we shou
ok,my dream is the topic owner give me 20 ponit as reward

英语单词大全

PEP小学英语单词总汇
PEP英语三年级（上册）三会单词
Unit 1
pen 钢笔 pencil 铅笔 pencil-case 铅笔盒 ruler 尺子 eraser 橡皮 crayon 蜡笔book 书 bag 书包 sharpener 卷笔刀 school 学校
Unit 2
head 头face 脸nose 鼻子mouth 嘴eye 眼睛ear 耳朵arm 胳膊finger 手指 leg腿foot 脚body 身体
Unit3
red 红色的yellow 黄色的green 绿色的blue 蓝色的 purple 紫色的white 白色的black 黑色的orange 橙色的pink 粉色的brown 棕色的
Unit 4
cat 猫dog 狗monkey 猴子panda 熊猫rabbit 兔子duck 鸭子pig 猪bird 鸟bear 熊elephant 大象mouse 老鼠squirrel 松鼠
Unit 5
cake 蛋糕bread 面包hot dog 热狗hamburger 汉堡包chicken 鸡肉
French fries 榨薯条Coke 可乐juice 果汁milk 牛奶water 水tea 茶coffee 咖啡
Unit 6
one 一two 二three 三four 四five 五six 六seven 七eight 八
nine 九ten 十doll 玩具娃娃boat 小船ball 球kite 风筝
balloon 气球car 小汽车plane 飞机
PEP英语三年级（下册）三会单词
Unit 1
boy 男孩 girl 女孩teacher 教师student 学生this 这个my 我的friend 朋友I’m=I am 我是nice 好的；愉快的good morning 早上好good afternoon 下午好meet 遇见；碰见goodbye 再见too 也；太
Unit 2
father 父亲；爸爸dad 爸爸（口语）mother 母亲；妈妈mom 妈妈（口语）man男人woman 女人grandmother （外）祖母
grandma （口语）（外）祖母grandfather （外）祖父
grandpa （口语）（外）祖父sister 姐妹brother 兄弟
let’s=let us 让我们great 太好了really 真地；确切地and 和；并且how 多么；怎么样
Unit 3
eleven 十一twelve 十二thirteen 十三fourteen 十四fifteen 十五sixteen 十六seventeen 十七eighteen 十八nineteen 十九twenty 二十how many 多少can 能够；可以look at 看；瞧
Unit 4
peach 桃pear 梨orange 橙子watermelon 西瓜apple 苹果
banana 香蕉strawberry 草莓grape 葡萄like 喜欢some 一些；某些thanks 多谢
Unit 5
bus 公共汽车bike 自行车taxi 出租车jeep 吉普车desk 课桌
chair 椅子walkman 随身听lamp 台灯your 你的；你们的
zoo 动物园
Unit 6
small 小的big 大的long 长的short 短的；矮的tall 高的
giraffe 长颈鹿deer 鹿
PEP四年级上册四会单词词汇表
Unit 1
Window(窗户) board(板) light(灯) picture(图片) door(门) floor(地板) classroom (教室) computer(电脑) teacher’desk(讲台) wall(墙) fan(扇子)
Unit 2
bag(包) pencil(铅笔) pen(钢笔) book (书) ruler(尺子) pencil-case(铅笔盒)
Unit 3
teacher(教师) student(学生) boy(男孩) girl(女孩) friend(朋友)
Unit 4
home(家) room(房间) school(学校) classroom(教室)
window(窗户) desk(课桌；书桌) door(门) chair(椅子) bed(床)
Unit 5
rice(米饭) beef(牛肉) bread(面包) milk(牛奶) egg(蛋)
water(水) chicken(鸡肉) fish(鱼)
Unit 6
sister(姐妹) brother(兄弟) father(父亲；爸爸) mother(母亲；妈妈)
driver(司机) doctor(医生) farmer(农民) nurse(护士)
PEP四年级下册四会单词词汇表
Unit 1
computer(计算机) board(写字板) fan(风扇) light(灯)
this(这；这个) is(是)my(我的) that(那；那个) your(你的)
teacher’s desk(讲台) picture(图画；照片) wall(墙壁) floor(地板) yes(是；是的) it(它)
Unit 2
one(一) two(二) three(三) four(四) five(五) six(六) seven(七) eight(八) nine(九) ten(十) what(什么) time(时间)
it’s=it is …o’clock(…点钟) math(数学) Chinese(语文) English(英语) P.E.(体育) music(音乐) for(为；给) class(课程)
Unit 3
jacket(夹克衫) shirt(衬衫) skirt(裙子) dress(连衣裙)
T-shirt(T恤衫) red(红色的) blue(蓝色的) yellow(黄色的)
green(绿色的) white(白色的) no(不；不是) not(不；不是的) colour(颜色)
Unit 4
warm(暖和的) cold(寒冷的) cool(凉爽的) today(今天)
jeans(牛仔裤) pants(长裤) socks(袜子) shoes(鞋子) let’s=let us play(玩；踢) football(足球) snowy(下雪的) sunny(晴朗的)
Unit 5
how much(多少钱) big(大的) small(小的) long(长的) short(短的) apple(苹果) banana(香蕉) pear(梨) orange(橙子) watermelon(西瓜) are(是) they 它(他、她)们
Unit 6
horse(马) aren’t=are not cat(猫) rabbit(兔子) pig(猪) duck(鸭子) dog(狗) eleven(十一) twelve(十二) thirteen(十三) fifteen(十五) twenty(二十) how many(多少) there(那儿；那里)
PEP五年级上册四会单词词汇表
Unit 1
Young （年轻的） funny （滑稽可笑的） tall （高的）
strong （强壮的） kind （和蔼的；亲切的） old （年老的）
short （矮的）thin （瘦的） Mr （先生）
like （像；喜欢） strict （严格的） smart （聪明的；巧妙的） active （积极的；活跃的） quiet （安静的；文静的）
very （很；非常） but （但是）
Unit 2
Monday （星期一） Tuesday （星期二） Wednesday （星期三）
Thursday （星期四） Friday （星期五） Saturday （星期六）
Sunday （星期天） day （天；日子） have （有；吃）
on （在…..时候） do homework （做作业）
watch TV （看电视） read books （读书）
Unit 3
eggplant （茄子） fish （鱼） green beans （青豆） tofu （豆腐） potato （土豆） tomato （西红柿） for （为；给）
lunch （中餐；午饭） we （我们） tasty （好吃的）
sweet （甜的） sour （酸的） fresh （新鲜的）salty （咸的）
favourite （最喜爱的；特别喜爱的） they are （他们是）
fruit （水果） grape （葡萄）
Unit 4
Cook the meals （倒垃圾） water the flowers （浇花）
sweep the floor （扫地） clean the bedroom （打扫卧室）
make the bed （铺床） set the table （摆饭桌）
wash the clothes （洗衣服） do the dishes （洗碗碟）
use a computer （使用计算机）
Unit 5
curtain （空调） trash bin （垃圾箱） closet （壁橱）
mirror （镜子） end table （床头柜） bedroom （卧室）
kitchen （厨房） bathroom （卫生间） living room （客厅）
in （在…里面） on （在…上面） under （在…下面）
near （在..旁边） behind （在…后边） clothes （衣服）
Unit 6
river （河流） flower （花） grass （草） lake （湖泊）
forest （森林） path （路） park （公园） picture （照片）
house （房子） bridge （桥） tree （树） road （公路）
building （建筑物） clean （干净的）
PEP五年级下册四会单词词汇表
Unit 1
do morning exercises（晨练） eat breakfast（吃早饭）
have English class（上英语课） play sports（进行体育运动）
eat dinner（吃晚饭） when（什么时候） evening（夜晚；晚上）
get up（起床） at（在…点钟） usually（通常；一般）
noon（中午） climb mountains（爬山）
go shopping（购物；买东西）
play the piano（弹钢琴） visit grandparents（看望祖父母）
go hiking（去远足） weekend（周末） often（经常）
sometimes（有时候）
Unit 2
spring（春天） summer（夏天） fall（秋天） winter（冬天）
season季节） which（哪一个） best（最；极） swim（游泳）
fly kites（放风筝） skate（滑冰；滑冰鞋）
make a snowman（堆雪人） plant trees（种树） why（为什么） because（因为） sleep（睡觉）
Unit 3
Jan./January（一月） Feb./February（二月）Mar./March（三月）
Apr./April（四月） May（五月） June（六月）
July（七月） Aug./August（八月） Sept./September（九月）Oct./October（十月） Nov./November（十一月）
Dec./December（十二月） birthday（生日）
uncle（叔叔；舅舅） her（她的） date（日期）
Unit 4
aw pictures（画画）cook dinner（做饭） read a book（看书）
answer the phone（接电话） listen to music9（听音乐）
clean the room（打扫房间） write a letter（写信）
write an e-mail（写电子邮件） mom（妈妈）grandpa（爷爷；外公）study（书房）
Unit 5
fly（飞） jump（跳） walk（走） run（跑） swim（游泳）
kangaroo（袋鼠） sleep（睡觉） climb（往上爬） fight（打架）
swing（荡；荡秋千） drink water（喝水）
Unit 6
take pictures（照相） watch insects（观察昆虫）
pick up leaves（采摘树叶） do an experiment（做实验）
catch butterfly（捉蝴蝶） honey（蜂蜜） count insects（数昆虫）
collect leaves（收集树叶） write a report（写报告）
play chess（下棋）have a picnic（举行野餐）
PEP六年级上册四会单词词汇表
Unit 1
by (经，乘) foot(脚) bike(自行车) bus(公共汽车) train(火车) how(怎样) go to school（上学） traffic（交通）
traffic light（交通灯） traffic rule（交通规则） stop（停，停车站）wait（等待） get to（到达）
Unit 2
library(图书馆) post office(邮局) hospital(医院) cinema(电影院) turn(转弯) bookstore(书店) where(在哪里，到哪里) please(请) next to(与…相邻) right (右边) left(左边) straight(成直线地) then (然后)
Unit 3
next week(下周) this morning(今天上午) this afternoon(今天下午)
this evening (今天晚上) comic book(漫画书) post card(明信片) newspaper(报纸) buy(购买)
Unit 4
hobby(爱好) ride a bike--riding a bike(骑自行车) dive--diving(跳水)
play the violin—playing the violin(拉小提琴)
make kites—making kites(制作风筝)
collect stamps—collecting stamps(集邮) live –lives(居住) teach--teaches(教) go--goes(去) watch--watches(看) read--reads(读，看) does doesn’t=does not
Unit 5
singer(歌唱家，歌手) writer(作家) actor(男演员) actress(女演员) artist(画家) TV reporter(电视台记者) engineer(工程师) accountant(会计) policeman(男警察) salesperson(销售员)
cleaner(清洁工) where（在哪里，到哪里） work（工作）
Unit 6
rain(雨) cloud (云) sun(太阳) stream(河，溪) come from(来自，从…来) seed(种子) soil(土壤) sprout (苗，芽) plant(植物，种植) should (应该) then(然后)
PEP六年级下册四会单词词汇表
Unit 1
tall—taller更高的 short—shorter 更矮的 strong—stronger 更强壮的 old—older 年龄更大的 young—younger 更年轻的
big—bigger 更大的 heavy—heavier 更重的 long—longer 更长的 thin—thinner 更瘦的 small—smaller （体型）更小的
Unit 2
have a fever 发烧 have a sore throat喉咙疼 have a cold感冒
have a toothache 牙疼 have a headache 头疼
matter事情，麻烦 sore 疼的 hurt疼痛 nose 鼻子
tired疲劳的，累的 excited兴奋的 angry生气的 happy高兴的 bored无聊的，烦人的 sad 忧伤的，悲伤的
Unit 3
watch—watched 看 wash—washed 洗 clean—cleaned打扫
play—played玩 visit—visited 看望 do—did
last weekend 上一个周末 go—went去
go to a park—went to a park 去公园
go swimming—went swimming去游泳
go fishing—went fishing去钓鱼 read—read 读
go hiking—went hiking 去远足
Unit 4
learn Chinese—learned Chinese学汉语
sing and dance—sang and danced 唱歌和跳舞
eat good food—ate good food吃好吃的食物
take pictures—took pictures 照相 climb—climbed 爬 have—had buy presents—bought presents买礼物 row a boat—rowed a boat 划船 see elephant—saw elephant 看大象 go skiing—went skiing 去滑雪 go ice-skating—went ice-skating 去滑冰 how怎么，如何 get—got 到达 last 上一个的，仅余的，留在最后的
小学英语人名翻译
男：Mike（迈克） 女：Chen Jie（陈洁）
Wu Yifan（吴一帆） Amy（艾米）
John（约翰） Sarah（萨拉）
Zhang Peng（张鹏） Liu Yun（刘芸）
Nick（尼克） Lisa（莉萨）
Pete（皮特） Mary（玛丽）
Tom（汤姆） Ann（安）
Mr Black（布莱克先生） Miss White（怀特小姐）
皖明光市石坝中学王家和
2008年10月25日
希望该资料对您的孩子在学习英语方面有所帮助!
一． 学习用品（school things）
钢笔pen 铅笔pencil 铅笔盒pencil-case 尺子ruler 书book 书schoolbag 漫画书comic book 明信片post card 报纸newspaper 包bag 橡皮eraser 蜡笔crayon 卷笔刀sharpener 故事书story-book 笔记本notebook
语文书Chinese book 英语书English book 数学书math book 杂志magazine
词典dictionary
二． 人体（body）
脚foot 头head 脸face 头发hair 鼻子nose 嘴mouth眼睛eye 耳朵ear 手臂arm 手hand 手指hand 腿leg尾巴tail 身体body
三． 颜色（colours）
红red 蓝blue 黄yellow 绿green 白white 黑black 粉红pink 紫purple 橙orange 棕brown 灰grey
四． 动物（animals）
猫cat 狗dog 猪pig 鸭duck 兔rabbit 马horse 大象elephant 蚂蚁ant 鱼fish 鸟bird 鹰eagle 鹿deer 海狸beaver 蛇snake 老鼠mouse 松鼠squirrel 熊bear 袋鼠kangaroo 猴monkey 熊猫panda 狮子lion 老虎tiger 狐狸fox 斑马zebra 长颈鹿giraffe 鹅goose 母鸡hen 火鸡turkay 小羊lamb 绵羊sheep 山羊goat 奶牛cow 驴donkey 鱿鱼squid 龙虾lobster 鲨鱼shark
海豹seal 抹香鲸sperm whale 虎鲸killer whale
五． 人物（people）
朋友friend 男孩boy 女孩girl 母亲mother 父亲father 姐妹sister
兄弟brother 叔叔；舅舅uncle 男人man 女人woman 先生Mr 小姐Miss 女士lady 妈妈mom 爸爸dad 父母parents （外）祖母grandma/grandmother （外）祖父grandpa/grandfather 姑姑aunt 儿子son 婴儿baby
堂（表）兄弟；堂（表）姐妹cousin 小孩kid 同学classmate 女王queen
参观者visitor 邻居neighbour 校长principal 大学生university student
笔友pen pal 旅行者tourist 人物people 机器人robot
六． 职业（jobs）
教师teacher 学生student 医生doctor 护士nurse 司机driver 农民farmer
歌唱家singer 作家writer 男演员actor 女演员actress 画家artist 电视台记者TV reporter 工程师engineer 会计accountant （男）警察policeman
销售员salesperson 清洁工cleaner 棒球运动员baseball player
售货员assistant （女）警察policewoman
七．食品、饮料（food and drink ）
米饭rice 面包bread 牛肉beef 牛奶milk 水water蛋egg 鱼fish 豆腐tofu 蛋糕cake 热狗hot dog 汉堡包hamburger 炸薯条French fries 曲奇cookie 饼干biscuit 果酱jam 面条noodle 肉meat 鸡肉chicken 猪肉pork 羊肉mutton 蔬菜vegetable 沙拉salad 汤soup冰ice 冰激凌ice-cream 可乐Coke
果汁juice 茶tea 咖啡coffee 早餐breakfast 午餐lunch 晚餐dinner
八．水果、蔬菜（fruit and vegetable ）
苹果apple 香蕉banana 梨pear 橙orange 西瓜watermelon 葡萄grape 茄子eggplant 胡萝卜carrot青豆green beans 西红柿tomato 土豆potato 桃peach 草莓strawberry 黄瓜cucumber 洋葱onion 卷心菜cabbage
九．衣服（clothes）
夹克衫jacket 衬衣shirt T恤衫T-shirt 短裙子skirt 连衣裙dress 牛仔裤jeans 长裤pants 袜子socks 鞋子shoes 毛衣sweater 上衣coat 雨衣raincoat
短裤shorts 网球鞋sneakers 拖鞋slippers 凉鞋sandals 靴子boots
（有沿的）帽子hat 便帽cap 太阳镜sunglasses 领带tie 围巾scarf 手套gloves
十．交通工具（ vehicles ）
自行车bike 公共汽车bus 火车train 小船boat 轮船ship 快艇yacht 小汽车car 出租车taxi 吉普车jeep 小货车；面包车van 飞机plane 地铁subway 摩托车motor cycle
十一.杂物（other things ）
窗户window 门door 课桌desk 椅子chair 床bed 计算机computer
写字板board 风扇fan 灯light 讲台teacher’s desk 图画;照片picture 墙壁wall 地板floor 窗帘curtain 垃圾箱trash bin
壁橱closet 镜子mirror 床头柜end table 足球football 礼物present
随身听walkman 台灯lamp 电话phone 沙发sofa 书架shelf 冰箱fridge 桌子table 空调air-conditioner电视TV 钥匙key 锁lock
照片photo 图表chart 盘子plate 刀knife 叉fork 勺子spoon
筷子chopsticks锅pot 礼物gift 玩具toy 洋娃娃doll 球ball 气球balloon
风筝kite 拼图游戏jigsaw puzzle 盒子box 伞umbrella 拉链 zipper
小提琴violin 溜溜球yo-yo 鸟窝nest 洞hole管子tube 牙刷toothbrush
菜单menu 电子卡片e-card 电子邮件e-mail 交通灯traffic light 钱money 药medicine
十二。地点（locations）
家home 房间room 卧室bedroom 卫生间bathroom 起居室living room
厨房kitchen 教室classroom 学校school公园park 图书馆library 邮局post office 医院hospital电影院cinema 书店bookstore 农场farm 动物园zoo 花园garden 书房study 操场playground 食堂canteen 教师办公室teacher’s office 图书馆library 体育馆gym 卫生间washroom 绘画教室art room
计算机教室computer room音乐教室music room 电视机房TV room 公寓flat 公司company 工厂factory 水果摊fruit stand 宠物商店pet shop 自然公园park
主题公园theme park 科学博物馆science museum 长城the Great Wall
超市supermarket 银行bank国家country 乡村village 城市city
十三。课程（classes）
体育运动sports 科学science 思想品德课Moral Education 社会课Social Studies 语文Chinese 数学math 音乐music体育P.E. 英语English
计算机课computer
十四。国家、城市（ countries and cities ）
中国China/PRC 美国America/USA 联合王国UK 英国England 加拿大Canada/CAN 澳大利亚Australia 纽约New York 伦敦London 悉尼Sydney 莫斯科Moscow 开罗Cairo
十五。气象(weather )
寒冷的cold 温暖的warm 凉爽的cool 下雪的snowy 晴朗的sunny
炎热的hot 下雨的rainy 有风的windy 多云的cloudy 天气预报 weather report
十六.景物( nature )
河流river 湖泊lake 河;溪stream 森林forest 小道path 公路road 房子house 桥bridge 建筑物building 雨rain 云cloud 太阳sun 山mountain 天空sky 彩虹rainbow 风wind 空气air
十七.植物(plants)
花flower 草grass 树tree 种子seed 苗sprout 植物plant
玫瑰rose 叶子leaf
十八.星期( week )
星期一Monday 星期二Tuesday 星期三Wednesday 星期四Thursday
星期五Friday 星期六Saturday 星期日Sunday 周末weekend
十九.月份( months)
January (Jan.)一月份 February(Feb.) 二月份 March(Mar.) 三月份 April 四月份 May五月份 June六月份 July七月份 Auguest(Aug.)八月份 Septemper(Sept.) 九月份 October(Oct.) 十月份 November(Nov.) 十一月 December(Dec.) 十二月
二十.季节( seasons )
春spring 夏summer 秋fall 冬winter
二十一.方位(directions)
南south 北north 东east 西west 左边left 右边right
二十二.患病(illness)
发烧have a fever 疼痛hurt 感冒have a cold
牙疼have a toothache 头疼have a headache 喉咙疼have a sore throat
二十三.数词( numbers )
0 nought;zero;O 1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve 13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen 20 twenty 21 twenty-one 22 twenty-two 23 twenty-three 30 thirty 32 thirty-two 40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 100 one hundred
first(1st)第一 second(2nd)第二 third(3rd)第三 fourth(4th) 第四
fifth(5th)第五 sixth(6th)第六 seventh(7th)第七 eighth (8th) 第八
ninth (9th) 第九 tenth (10th) 第十 eleventh (11th) 第十一
twelfth(12th)第十二 thirteenth(13th 第十三 fourteenth(14th 第十四 fifteenth(15th)第十五 sixteenth(16th 第十六 seventeenth(17th)第十七 eighteenth (18th) 第十八 nineteenth (19th) 第十九
twentieth (20th) 第二十 thirtieth (30th) 第三十
fortieth (40th) 第四十 fiftieth (50th) 第五十
sixtieth (60th) 第六十 seventieth (70th) 第七十
eightieth (80th) 第八十 ninetieth (90th) 第九十
thirty-first (31th) 第三十一
sixty-second (62nd)第六十二 eighty-seventh (87th) 第八十七 ninety-eighth (98th) 第九十八
二十四.形容词.(adj.)
大的big 小的small 长的long 高的tall 短的;矮的short 年轻的young 旧的;老的old 健壮的strong 瘦的thin 积极活跃的active 安静的quite 好看的nice 和蔼亲切的kind 严格的strict 聪明的clever
滑稽可笑的funny 好吃的tasty 甜的sweet 咸的salty 酸的sour
新鲜的fresh 最喜爱的favourite 干净的clean 疲劳的tired 兴奋的excited 生气的angry 高兴的happy 无聊的bored 忧愁的sad 更高的taller 更矮的shorter 更强壮的stronger 年老的older 更年轻的younger
更大的bigger 更重的heavier 更长的longer 更瘦的thinner 更小的smaller 好的good 好的fine 很好的great
重的heavy 新的new 胖的fat 快乐的happy 对的right
饥饿的hungry 逗人喜爱的cute 小的little 可爱的lovely
漂亮的beautiful 色彩鲜艳的colourful 漂亮的pretty
便宜的cheap 昂贵的expensive 多汁的juicy 嫩的tender
健康的healthy 有病的ill 有帮助的helpful 高的high 简单的easy
骄傲的proud 有病的sick 更好的better 更高的higher
二十五.介词(prep. )
在…里in 在…上;在…时候on 在…下面under 在…的旁边near 在…后边behind 与…相邻next to 在…上面over
在…前面in front of
二十六.代词( pron. )
我I 我们we 你;你们you 他he 她she 它it 他(她,它)们they 我的my 我们的our 你的;你们的your 他的his 她的her
二十七.动词( v. )
玩;踢play 游泳swim 滑冰skate 飞fly 跳jump 走walk 跑run 爬climb 打架fight 荡swing 吃eat 睡觉sleep 像;喜欢like 有;吃 have 转弯turn 买buy 买;带take 居住live 教teach 去go 学习study 学习learn 唱歌sing 跳舞dance 划row 做作业do homework 看电视watch TV 读书 books 做饭cook the meals 浇花water the folwers 扫地sweep the floor 打扫卧室clean the bedroom 铺床make the bed 摆饭桌set the table 洗衣服wash the clothes
洗碗碟do the dishes 使用计算机use a computer
晨练;做广播操do morning exercises 吃早饭eat breakfast 吃晚饭eat dinner 上学go to school 上英语课have English class 进行体育运动play sports起床get up 爬山climb mountains 买东西go shopping 弹钢琴play the piano 看望(外)祖父母visit grandparents 去远足go hiking 放风筝fly kites 堆雪人make a snowman 植树plant trees 画画drsw pictures
做晚饭cook dinner 看书read a book 接电话answer the phone 听音乐listen to music 打扫房间clean the room 写信write a letter 写电子邮件write an e-mail喝水drink water 照相take pictures 观察昆虫watch insects 集邮collect stamps 见面meet 欢迎welcome 谢谢thank 爱love 工作work 喝drink 尝taste 闻smell 喂养feed 剪shear 挤奶milk 看look 猜guess 帮助help 传递pass 展示show 使用use
打扫clean 打开open 关上close 放put 读read
写write 绘画paint 告诉tell 踢kick 反弹bounce 骑ride 停stop 等wait 寻找find 驾驶drive 折fold 寄send
洗 wash 照耀shine 变成become 感觉到feel 思考think
遇见meet 落下fall 离开leave 醒来wake up 穿上put on
脱掉take off 挂起hang up 穿wear 回家go home
上床睡觉go to bed 玩电脑游戏play computers 下棋play chess 做家务do housework 倒垃圾empty the trash 收拾衣服put away the clothes 下车get off 去旅行take a trip 阅读杂志read a magazine
去看电影go to the cinema
一、 学习用品 (school things)
pen钢笔 pencil铅笔 pencil-case
book书 bag包 comic book
post card
newspaper报纸 schoolbag书包
橡皮
sharpener
story-book故事书 notebook笔记本 Chinese book语文书 English book英语书 math book数学书 magazine杂志 dictionary词典
二、 人体 （body）
foot脚 head头 face脸 hair头发 nose鼻子 mouth嘴 eye眼睛 ear耳朵 arm手臂 hand手 finger手指 leg腿 tail尾巴
三、 颜色 （colours）
red红 blue蓝 yellow黄 green绿 white白 black黑 pink粉红 purple紫
橙 brown棕
四、 动物 （animals）
cat猫 dog狗 pig猪 duck鸭 rabbit兔 horse马
大象 ant蚂蚁 fish鱼 bird鸟 eagle鹰
蛇 mouse老鼠 squirrel
monkey猴 panda熊猫 bear熊 lion狮子
老虎 fox狐狸
deer鹿 giraffe
鹅 hen母鸡 turkey
lamb小羊 sheep绵羊 goat山羊 cow
donkey驴
shark鲨鱼 seal
sperm whale
killer whale
五、 人物 （people）
friend朋友 boy男孩 girl女孩
母亲 father父亲
姐妹 brother兄弟 uncle叔叔；舅舅 man男人 woman女人 Mr.先生 Miss小姐 lady女士；小姐 mom妈妈 dad爸爸 parents父母 grandparents祖父母 grandma/grand
（外）祖母 grandpa/grandfather（外）祖父 aunt
cousin堂（表）兄弟；堂（表）姐妹 son儿子 daughter女儿 baby婴儿 kid小孩 classmate同学 queen女王 visitor参观者 neighbour邻居 principal校长 university student大学生 pen pal
tourist
people人物 robot
六、 职业 （jobs）
teacher教师 student学生 doctor医生 nurse护士 driver司机
农民 singer
writer作家 actor
actress女演员 artist画家 TV reporter电视台记者 engineer
accountant会计 policeman(男)警察 salesperson
cleaner
baseball player
assistant
police警察
七、 食品、饮料 （food & drink）
rice米饭 bread面包 beef牛肉 milk牛奶 water水 egg蛋 fish鱼 tofu豆腐 cake蛋糕 hot dog
French fries
曲奇 biscuit饼干 jam
meat肉 chicken鸡肉 pork猪肉 mutton羊肉 vegetable蔬菜
沙拉 soup汤 ice冰 ice-cream
Coke可乐
果汁 tea茶 coffee咖啡 breakfast早餐 lunch午餐 dinner/supper晚餐 meal一餐
八、 水果、蔬菜 (fruit & vegetables)
苹果 banana香蕉 pear梨
橙
西瓜 grape葡萄
green beans
tomato西红柿
土豆 peach桃
草莓 cucumber黄瓜 onion洋葱 carrot
九、 衣服 （clothes）
jacket
shirt衬衫 T-shirt丅恤衫 skirt
子 dress
pants长裤 socks袜子 shoes鞋子 sweater毛衣 coat上衣 raincoat
shorts短裤 sneakers
slippers拖鞋
boots靴子 hat(有沿的)帽子 cap便帽 sunglasses
tie
scarf围巾 gloves手套 trousers裤子 cloth布
十、 交通工具 (vehicles)
bike
bus公共汽车 train火车 boat小船 ship轮船 yacht
car小汽车 taxi出租车 jeep
van小货车；
plane/airplane飞机 subway/underground地铁 motor cycle
十一、杂物 （other things）
window窗户 door门 desk课桌 chair椅子 bed床 computer计算机 board
fan风扇 light灯 teacher's desk讲台 picture图画；照片 wall墙壁 floor地板 curtain窗帘 trash bin垃圾箱 closet
mirror镜子 end table
football/soccer足球
lamp
phone电话 sofa沙发 shelf书架 fridge冰箱 table桌子 TV电视 air-conditioner空调 key钥匙 lock锁 photo照片 chart图表 plate盘子 knife刀 fork叉 spoon勺子 chopsticks筷子 pot锅 gift礼物 toy玩具 doll
ball球 balloon气球 kite风筝
box盒子
伞 zipper
violin
nest
hole洞 tube管子 toothbrush牙刷 menu菜单 e-card电子卡片
traffic light
money钱 medicine药
十二、地点 （locations）
home家 room房间 bedroom卧室 bathroom卫生间 living room
kitchen厨房 classroom教室 school学校 park公园 library图书馆 post office邮局 police office警察局 hospital医院 cinema电影院 bookstore书店 farm农场 zoo
garden花园 study书房 playground操场 canteen食堂 teacher's office教师办公室 library图书馆 gym体育馆 washroom卫生间 art room绘画教室 computer room计算机教室 music room音乐教室 TV room电视机房 flat公寓 company公司 factory工厂 fruit stand水果摊 pet shop
nature park自然公园 theme park
museum
the Great Wall
超市 bank银行 country国家 village乡村 city城市 hometown家乡 bus stop公交车站
十三、课程 （classes）
sports体育运动
科学 Moral Education
课 Social Studies社会课 Chinese语文 math数学 PE体育课 English英语课
十四、国家、城市 （countries & cities）
China/PRC中国 America/USA美国 UK联合王国 England英国 Canada/CAN
Australia
New York纽约 London伦敦 Sydney悉尼 Moscow
Cairo
十五、气象 （weather）
cold寒冷的 warm温暖的 cool凉爽的 snowy下雪的
晴朗的 hot炎热的 rainy下雨的 windy有风的
的 weather report
十六、景物 （nature）
river河流 lake湖泊 stream河；溪 forest森林 path小道 road公路
房子 bridge桥 building建筑物 rain雨 cloud云 sun太阳 mountain山 sky天空
彩虹 wind风 air空气 moon月亮
十七、植物 （plants）
花 grass草 tree树 seed种子
苗 plant植物 rose玫瑰 leaf叶子
十八、星期 （week）
Monday星期一 Tuesday星期二 Wednesday星期三 Thursday星期四 Friday星期五 Saturday星期六 Sunday星期天 weekend周末
十九、月份 （months）
Jan. (January)一月 Feb.（February）二月 Mar.(March)三月 April四月 May五月 June六月 July七月 Aug.(August)八月 Sept.(September)九月 Oct.(October)十月 Nov.(November)十一月 Dec.(December)十二月
二十、季节 （seasons）
春 summer夏 fall/autumn秋 winter冬
二十一、方位 （directions）
south南 north北 east东 west西 left 左边 right右边
二十二、患病 （illness）
have a fever发烧 hurt疼痛 have a cold感冒 have a
have a headache头疼 have a sore throat喉咙疼
二十三、
（numbers）
one一 two二 three三 four四 five五 six六
七 eight八 nine九 ten十 eleven十一 twelve十二 thirteen十三 fourteen十四 fifteen十五 sixteen十六
teen十七 eighteen十八 nineteen十九 twenty二十 thirty三十 forty四十 fifty五十 sixty六十
ty七十 eighty八十 ninety九十 forty-two四十二 hundred百 one/a hundred and thirty-six一百三十六 first第一 second第二 third第三 fourth第四 fifth第五 eighth第八 ninth第九 twelfth第十二 twentieth第二十 thirtieth第三十 fortieth第四十 fiftieth第五十 sixtieth第六十 seventieth第七十 eightieth第八十 ninetieth第九十 fifty-sixth第五十六
二十四、形容词 (adj.)
big大的 small小的 long长的 tall高的 short短的；矮的 young年轻的 old旧的；老的 strong健壮的 thin瘦的 active积极活跃的 quiet安静的 nice好看的 kind和蔼亲切的 strict严格的 smart聪明的 funny滑稽可笑的 tasty好吃的 sweet甜的 salty咸的 sour酸的 fresh新鲜的 favourite最喜爱的 clean干净的 tired疲劳的 excited兴奋的 angry生气的 happy高兴的 bored无聊的 sad忧愁的 taller更高的 shorter更矮的 stronger更强壮的 older年龄更大的 younger更年轻的 bigger更大的 heavier更重的 longer更长的 thinner更瘦的 smaller更小的 good好的 fine好的 great很好的 heavy 重的 new新的 fat胖的 happy快乐的 right对的 hungry饥饿的 cute逗人喜爱的 little小的 lovely可爱的 beautiful漂亮的 colourful色彩鲜艳的 pretty漂亮的 cheap便宜的 expensive昂贵的 juicy多汁的 tender嫩的 healthy健康的 ill有病的 helpful有帮助的 high高的 easy简单的 proud骄傲的 sick有病的 better更好的 higher更高的
二十五、介词 （prep.）
in在……里 on在……上；在……时候 under在……下面 near在……的旁边 behind在……后边 next to与……相邻 over在……上面 in front of在……前面
二十六、代词 （pron.）
I我 we我们 you你；你们 he他 she她 it它 they他（她，它）们 my我的 our 我们的 your你的；你们的 his他的 her她的
二十七、动词 （v.）
play（.ed）玩；踢 swim(swam)游泳
fly(flew)飞 jump跳 walk走 run(run)跑 climb爬 fight(fought)打架 swing(swung)荡 eat(ate)吃 sleep(slept)睡觉 like像，喜欢 have(had)有；吃 turn转弯 buy(bought)买 take(took)买；带 live居住 teach（taught）教 go(went)去 study(studied)学习 learn学习 sing(sang)唱歌 dance跳舞 row划 do(did)做 do homework做作业 do
work做家务 watch TV看电视 read(read) books读书 cook the meals做饭 water the
s浇花 sweep(swept) the floor扫地 clean the bedroom打扫卧室 make(made) the bed铺床 set(set) the table摆饭桌 wash the clothes洗衣服 do the dishes洗碗碟 use a computer使用计算机 do morning exercises晨练；做广播操 eat breakfast吃早饭 eat dinner吃晚饭 go to school上学 have English class上英语课 play sports进行体育运动 get（got）up起床 climb mountains爬山 go shopping买东西 play the
弹钢琴 visit grandparents看望（外）祖父母 go hiking去
fly kites
make a snowman
plant trees种树 draw(drew) pictures画画 cook dinner做饭 read a book看书 answer the phone接电话
to music听音乐 clean the room打扫房间 write(wrote) a letter写信 write an
写
drink(drank) water喝水 take pictures照相 watch insects观察昆虫
leaves采摘树叶 do an experiment做实验 catch butterflies捉蝴蝶 count insects数昆虫 collect insects收集昆虫 collect leaves收集树叶 write a report写报告 play chess下棋 have a picnic举行
get to到达 ride(rode) a bike骑
play the violin拉
make kites制作风筝 collect stamps
meet(met)见面 welcome欢迎 thank谢谢 love爱 work工作 drink(drank)喝 taste尝 smell闻 feed(fed)喂养 shear剪 milk挤奶 look看 guess猜 help帮助 pass传递 show展示 use使用 clean打扫 open打开 close关上 put放 paint绘画 tell(told)告诉 kick踢 bounce反弹 ride(rode)骑 stop(stopped)停 wait等 find(found)寻找到 drive(drove)驾驶 fold折 send(sent)寄 wash洗 shine照耀 become变成 feel(felt)感觉到 think(thought)思考 meet(met)遇见 fall(fell)落下 leave(left)离开 wake(woke) up醒来 put on穿上
脱掉 hang up挂起 wear(wore)穿 go home回家 go to bed上床睡觉 play computer games玩电脑游戏 play chess下棋 empty the trash
put away the clothes收拾衣服 get off下车 take a trip去旅行 read a magazine阅读杂志 go to the cinema去看电影 go straight向前直走
一． 学习用品（school things）
钢笔pen 铅笔pencil 铅笔盒pencil-case 尺子ruler 书book 书schoolbag 漫画书comic book 明信片post card 报纸newspaper 包bag 橡皮eraser 蜡笔crayon 卷笔刀sharpener 故事书story-book 笔记本notebook
语文书Chinese book 英语书English book 数学书math book 杂志magazine
词典dictionary
二． 人体（body）
脚foot 头head 脸face 头发hair 鼻子nose 嘴mouth眼睛eye 耳朵ear 手臂arm 手hand 手指hand 腿leg尾巴tail 身体body
三． 颜色（colours）
红red 蓝blue 黄yellow 绿green 白white 黑black 粉红pink 紫purple 橙orange 棕brown 灰grey
四． 动物（animals）
猫cat 狗dog 猪pig 鸭duck 兔rabbit 马horse 大象elephant 蚂蚁ant 鱼fish 鸟bird 鹰eagle 鹿deer 海狸beaver 蛇snake 老鼠mouse 松鼠squirrel 熊bear 袋鼠kangaroo 猴monkey 熊猫panda 狮子lion 老虎tiger 狐狸fox 斑马zebra 长颈鹿giraffe 鹅goose 母鸡hen 火鸡turkay 小羊lamb 绵羊sheep 山羊goat 奶牛cow 驴donkey 鱿鱼squid 龙虾lobster 鲨鱼shark
海豹seal 抹香鲸sperm whale 虎鲸killer whale
五． 人物（people）
朋友friend 男孩boy 女孩girl 母亲mother 父亲father 姐妹sister
兄弟brother 叔叔；舅舅uncle 男人man 女人woman 先生Mr 小姐Miss 女士lady 妈妈mom 爸爸dad 父母parents （外）祖母grandma/grandmother （外）祖父grandpa/grandfather 姑姑aunt 儿子son 婴儿baby
堂（表）兄弟；堂（表）姐妹cousin 小孩kid 同学classmate 女王queen
参观者visitor 邻居neighbour 校长principal 大学生university student
笔友pen pal 旅行者tourist 人物people 机器人robot
六． 职业（jobs）
教师teacher 学生student 医生doctor 护士nurse 司机driver 农民farmer
歌唱家singer 作家writer 男演员actor 女演员actress 画家artist 电视台记者TV reporter 工程师engineer 会计accountant （男）警察policeman
销售员salesperson 清洁工cleaner 棒球运动员baseball player
售货员assistant （女）警察policewoman
七．食品、饮料（food and drink ）
米饭rice 面包bread 牛肉beef 牛奶milk 水water蛋egg 鱼fish 豆腐tofu 蛋糕cake 热狗hot dog 汉堡包hamburger 炸薯条French fries 曲奇cookie 饼干biscuit 果酱jam 面条noodle 肉meat 鸡肉chicken 猪肉pork 羊肉mutton 蔬菜vegetable 沙拉salad 汤soup冰ice 冰激凌ice-cream 可乐Coke
果汁juice 茶tea 咖啡coffee 早餐breakfast 午餐lunch 晚餐dinner
八．水果、蔬菜（fruit and vegetable ）
苹果apple 香蕉banana 梨pear 橙orange 西瓜watermelon 葡萄grape 茄子eggplant 胡萝卜carrot青豆green beans 西红柿tomato 土豆potato 桃peach 草莓strawberry 黄瓜cucumber 洋葱onion 卷心菜cabbage
九．衣服（clothes）
夹克衫jacket 衬衣shirt T恤衫T-shirt 短裙子skirt 连衣裙dress 牛仔裤jeans 长裤pants 袜子socks 鞋子shoes 毛衣sweater 上衣coat 雨衣raincoat
短裤shorts 网球鞋sneakers 拖鞋slippers 凉鞋sandals 靴子boots
（有沿的）帽子hat 便帽cap 太阳镜sunglasses 领带tie 围巾scarf 手套gloves
十．交通工具（ vehicles ）
自行车bike 公共汽车bus 火车train 小船boat 轮船ship 快艇yacht 小汽车car 出租车taxi 吉普车jeep 小货车；面包车van 飞机plane 地铁subway 摩托车motor cycle
十一.杂物（other things ）
窗户window 门door 课桌desk 椅子chair 床bed 计算机computer
写字板board 风扇fan 灯light 讲台teacher’s desk 图画;照片picture 墙壁wall 地板floor 窗帘curtain 垃圾箱trash bin
壁橱closet 镜子mirror 床头柜end table 足球football 礼物present
随身听walkman 台灯lamp 电话phone 沙发sofa 书架shelf 冰箱fridge 桌子table 空调air-conditioner电视TV 钥匙key 锁lock
照片photo 图表chart 盘子plate 刀knife 叉fork 勺子spoon
筷子chopsticks锅pot 礼物gift 玩具toy 洋娃娃doll 球ball 气球balloon
风筝kite 拼图游戏jigsaw puzzle 盒子box 伞umbrella 拉链 zipper
小提琴violin 溜溜球yo-yo 鸟窝nest 洞hole管子tube 牙刷toothbrush
菜单menu 电子卡片e-card 电子邮件e-mail 交通灯traffic light 钱money 药medicine
十二。地点（locations）
家home 房间room 卧室bedroom 卫生间bathroom 起居室living room
厨房kitchen 教室classroom 学校school公园park 图书馆library 邮局post office 医院hospital电影院cinema 书店bookstore 农场farm 动物园zoo 花园garden 书房study 操场playground 食堂canteen 教师办公室teacher’s office 图书馆library 体育馆gym 卫生间washroom 绘画教室art room
计算机教室computer room音乐教室music room 电视机房TV room 公寓flat 公司company 工厂factory 水果摊fruit stand 宠物商店pet shop 自然公园park
主题公园theme park 科学博物馆science museum 长城the Great Wall
超市supermarket 银行bank国家country 乡村village 城市city
十三。课程（classes）
体育运动sports 科学science 思想品德课Moral Education 社会课Social Studies 语文Chinese 数学math 音乐music体育P.E. 英语English
计算机课computer
十四。国家、城市（ countries and cities ）
中国China/PRC 美国America/USA 联合王国UK 英国England 加拿大Canada/CAN 澳大利亚Australia 纽约New York 伦敦London 悉尼Sydney 莫斯科Moscow 开罗Cairo
十五。气象(weather )
寒冷的cold 温暖的warm 凉爽的cool 下雪的snowy 晴朗的sunny
炎热的hot 下雨的rainy 有风的windy 多云的cloudy 天气预报 weather report
十六.景物( nature )
河流river 湖泊lake 河;溪stream 森林forest 小道path 公路road 房子house 桥bridge 建筑物building 雨rain 云cloud 太阳sun 山mountain 天空sky 彩虹rainbow 风wind 空气air
十七.植物(plants)
花flower 草grass 树tree 种子seed 苗sprout 植物plant
玫瑰rose 叶子leaf
十八.星期( week )
星期一Monday 星期二Tuesday 星期三Wednesday 星期四Thursday
星期五Friday 星期六Saturday 星期日Sunday 周末weekend
十九.月份( months)
January (Jan.)一月份 February(Feb.) 二月份 March(Mar.) 三月份 April 四月份 May五月份 June六月份 July七月份 Auguest(Aug.)八月份 Septemper(Sept.) 九月份 October(Oct.) 十月份 November(Nov.) 十一月 December(Dec.) 十二月
二十.季节( seasons )
春spring 夏summer 秋fall 冬winter
二十一.方位(directions)
南south 北north 东east 西west 左边left 右边right
二十二.患病(illness)
发烧have a fever 疼痛hurt 感冒have a cold
牙疼have a toothache 头疼have a headache 喉咙疼have a sore throat
二十三.数词( numbers )
0 nought;zero;O 1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve 13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen 20 twenty 21 twenty-one 22 twenty-two 23 twenty-three 30 thirty 32 thirty-two 40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 100 one hundred
first(1st)第一 second(2nd)第二 third(3rd)第三 fourth(4th) 第四
fifth(5th)第五 sixth(6th)第六 seventh(7th)第七 eighth (8th) 第八
ninth (9th) 第九 tenth (10th) 第十 eleventh (11th) 第十一
twelfth(12th)第十二 thirteenth(13th 第十三 fourteenth(14th 第十四 fifteenth(15th)第十五 sixteenth(16th 第十六 seventeenth(17th)第十七 eighteenth (18th) 第十八 nineteenth (19th) 第十九
twentieth (20th) 第二十 thirtieth (30th) 第三十
fortieth (40th) 第四十 fiftieth (50th) 第五十
sixtieth (60th) 第六十 seventieth (70th) 第七十
eightieth (80th) 第八十 ninetieth (90th) 第九十
thirty-first (31th) 第三十一
sixty-second (62nd)第六十二 eighty-seventh (87th) 第八十七 ninety-eighth (98th) 第九十八
二十四.形容词.(adj.)
大的big 小的small 长的long 高的tall 短的;矮的short 年轻的young 旧的;老的old 健壮的strong 瘦的thin 积极活跃的active 安静的quite 好看的nice 和蔼亲切的kind 严格的strict 聪明的clever
滑稽可笑的funny 好吃的tasty 甜的sweet 咸的salty 酸的sour
新鲜的fresh 最喜爱的favourite 干净的clean 疲劳的tired 兴奋的excited 生气的angry 高兴的happy 无聊的bored 忧愁的sad 更高的taller 更矮的shorter 更强壮的stronger 年老的older 更年轻的younger
更大的bigger 更重的heavier 更长的longer 更瘦的thinner 更小的smaller 好的good 好的fine 很好的great
重的heavy 新的new 胖的fat 快乐的happy 对的right
饥饿的hungry 逗人喜爱的cute 小的little 可爱的lovely
漂亮的beautiful 色彩鲜艳的colourful 漂亮的pretty
便宜的cheap 昂贵的expensive 多汁的juicy 嫩的tender
健康的healthy 有病的ill 有帮助的helpful 高的high 简单的easy
骄傲的proud 有病的sick 更好的better 更高的higher
二十五.介词(prep. )
在…里in 在…上;在…时候on 在…下面under 在…的旁边near 在…后边behind 与…相邻next to 在…上面over
在…前面in front of
二十六.代词( pron. )
我I 我们we 你;你们you 他he 她she 它it 他(她,它)们they 我的my 我们的our 你的;你们的your 他的his 她的her
二十七.动词( v. )
玩;踢play 游泳swim 滑冰skate 飞fly 跳jump 走walk 跑run 爬climb 打架fight 荡swing 吃eat 睡觉sleep 像;喜欢like 有;吃 have 转弯turn 买buy 买;带take 居住live 教teach 去go 学习study 学习learn 唱歌sing 跳舞dance 划row 做作业do homework 看电视watch TV 读书 books 做饭cook the meals 浇花water the folwers 扫地sweep the floor 打扫卧室clean the bedroom 铺床make the bed 摆饭桌set the table 洗衣服wash the clothes
洗碗碟do the dishes 使用计算机use a computer
晨练;做广播操do morning exercises 吃早饭eat breakfast 吃晚饭eat dinner 上学go to school 上英语课have English class 进行体育运动play sports起床get up 爬山climb mountains 买东西go shopping 弹钢琴play the piano 看望(外)祖父母visit grandparents 去远足go hiking 放风筝fly kites 堆雪人make a snowman 植树plant trees 画画drsw pictures
做晚饭cook dinner 看书read a book 接电话answer the phone 听音乐listen to music 打扫房间clean the room 写信write a letter 写电子邮件write an e-mail喝水drink water 照相take pictures 观察昆虫watch insects 集邮collect stamps 见面meet 欢迎welcome 谢谢thank 爱love 工作work 喝drink 尝taste 闻smell 喂养feed 剪shear 挤奶milk 看look 猜guess 帮助help 传递pass 展示show 使用use
打扫clean 打开open 关上close 放put 读read
写write 绘画paint 告诉tell 踢kick 反弹bounce 骑ride 停stop 等wait 寻找find 驾驶drive 折fold 寄send
洗 wash 照耀shine 变成become 感觉到feel 思考think
遇见meet 落下fall 离开leave 醒来wake up 穿上put on
脱掉take off 挂起hang up 穿wear 回家go home
上床睡觉go to bed 玩电脑游戏play computers 下棋play chess 做家务do housework 倒垃圾empty the trash 收拾衣服put away the clothes 下车get off 去旅行take a trip 阅读杂志read a magazine
没按顺序
a / E, eI / art. 一个（只，把，台……）
a little 少量；少许
a set of / E set Ev / 一套；一副
about / E5baJt / prep. 关于；在……方面
action movie / 5AkFEn 5mu:vI / 动作片
actor / 5AktE(r) / n. 演员
address / E5dres / n. 通讯处；地址
after / 5AftEr /, /5B:ftE / prep.&conj. 在……之后
afford / E5fCr)d / v. 负担得起；买得起
afternoon / 7AftEr5nu:n /, / 7B:ftE5nu:n / n. 下午；午后
age / eIdV / n. 年龄；年纪
alarm o'clock / E5lBr)m E5klCk / 闹钟
all / C:l / pron. 全部；全体
also / 5C:lsEJ / adv. 也；亦；并且
am / Am / v. 是
am / 7eI5em / abbr. （或a.m.）上午
America / E5merIkE / 美国；美洲
an / An / art. （元音前）一个（只，把，台……）
and / And / conj. 和；又；而且
answer / 5AnsEr /, / 5B:nsE / n. 回答；答复；答案
any / 5enI / pron. 任何一个（或一些）事物
anybody / 5enI7bCdI / pron. 任何人
apple / 5ApEl / n. 苹果
April / 5eIprEl / n. 四月
are / Br) / v. 是
aren't （=are not）
around / E5raJnd / adv. 大约
around / E6raJnd / adv. 到处；在附近
art / B:t(r) / n. 艺术；美术；艺术品
ask / Ask /, / B:sk / v. 询问；问
at / A / prep. 在（里面或附近）；在（点刻）；以
August / 5C:gEst / n. 八月
aunt / Ant /, / B:nt / n. 姨母；姑母；伯母；婶母；舅母
backpack / 5bAkpAk / n. 双肩背包
bag / bAg / n. 书包；提包；口袋
ball / bC:l / n. 球
banana / bE5nAnE /, / bE5nB:nE / n. 香蕉
band / bAnd / n. 乐队
baseball / 5beIsbC:l / n. 棒球
basketball / 5bAskItbC:l /, / 5bB:skItbC:l / n. 篮球
basketball game 篮球赛
bat / bAt / n. （网球、乒乓球等的）球拍
be / bi: / v. 是（表示存在、状态等）
because / bI5kC:z /, / bI5kCz / conj. 因为
bed / bed / n. 床
before / bI5fCr) / prep. 在……以前
Beijing Opera 京剧
best / best / adj.&adv. （good, well的最高极）最好的（地）
big / bIg / adj.&adv. 大的；广大的；重大的
biology / baI5B:lEdVI /, / baI5ClEdVI / n. 生物学
birth / b\r)W / n. 出生；出世；诞生
birthday / 5b\r)WdeI / n. 生日
black / blAk / adj.&n. 黑色（的）
blank / blANk / n. 空白
blue / blu: / adj.&n. 蓝色（的）
book / bJk / n. 书
bookcase / 5bJk7keIs / n. 书橱；书箱
boring / 5bC:rIN / adj. 无聊的；令人生厌的
boy / bCI / n. 男孩
breakfast / 5brekfEst / n. 早餐
bring / brIN / v. 拿来；取来；带来
broccoli / 5brB:klI /, / 5brCklI / n. 花耶菜
brother / 5brQTE(r) / n. 兄；弟
brush / brQF / v. 刷
bus / bQs / n. 公共汽车
busy / 5bIzI / adj. 忙的；繁忙的；忙碌的
but / bQt / conj. 但是
buy / baI / v. 购买；买
call / kC:l / v. 打电话
can / kAn / modal v. 能；可以；会
can't （=can not）
card / kB:(r)d / n. 卡；卡片；纸牌
carrot / 5kArEt / n. 胡萝卜
case / keIs / n. 箱；盒；橱
CD / 7si:5di: / abbr. （=compact disc）激光唱片
chair / tFer /, / tFeE / n. 椅子
chess / tFes / n. 国际象棋
chicken / 5tFIkIn / n. 鸡；鸡肉
China / 5tFaInE / 中国
Chinese / 7tFaI5ni:z / n. 中文；中国人
Chinese / 7tFaI5ni:z / adj. 中国的；中国人的
city / 5sItI / n. 城市
class / klAs /, / klB:s / n. 班级；（一节）课
clerk / kl\:rk /, / klB:k / n. （银行、办公室、商店等）职员；办事员
clock / klB:k /, / klCk / n. 时钟
clothes / klEJTz / n. （pl.）衣服；服装
club / klQb / n. 社团；俱乐部
collection / kE5lekFEn / n. 收藏品；收集物
color / 5kQlE(r) / n. 色；颜色
come / kQm / v. 来；来到
comedy / 5kB:mEdI /, / 5kCmEdI / n. 喜剧
computer / kEm5pju:tE(r) / n. 电脑；电子计算机
computer game 电子游戏
contest / 5kB:ntest /, / 5kCntest / n. 竞争；竞赛；比赛
conversation / 7kB:nvE5seIFEn /, / 7kCnvE5seIFEn / n. 交谈；谈话
countable noun 可数名词
cousin / 5kQzEn / n. 堂（表）兄弟；堂（表）姐妹
cream / kri:m / n. 奶油；乳脂
dad / dAd / n. （非正式用语）爸爸
dance / dAns /, / dB:ns / v. 跳舞；舞蹈
date / deIt / n. 日期
daughter / 5dC:tE(r) / n. 女儿
day / deI / n. 天；日间；白天；一日
dear / dIr /, / dIE / adj. （冠于信函中的称谓以示礼貌）亲爱的
December / dI5sembE(r) / n. 十二月
description / dI5skrIptFEn / n. 描述；记叙
desk / desk / n. 书桌；课桌
dessert / dI5z\:(r)t / n. （饭后的）甜食
dictionary / 5dIktFEnerI /, / 5dIktFEnErI / n. 字典；词典
difficult / 5dIfIkElt / adj. 困难的
dinner / 5dInE(r) / n. 正餐；晚餐
do / du: / v.&aux. （构成否定句、疑问句的助动词无意义）做；干；行动
do homework 做作业
documentary / 7dB:kjJ5mentErI /, / 7dCkjJ5mentErI / n. 纪录片
does / dQz / v.&aux. （动词do的第三人称单数）（构成否定句、疑问句的助动词无意义）做；干；行动
doesn't （=does not）
dog / dCg / n. 狗
dollar / 5dB:lEr /, / 5dClE / n. 元（美国、加拿大等国的货币单元，符号为$）
don't （=do not）
draw / drC: / v. 画
drawer / 5drC:(r) / n. 抽屉
dresser / 5dresE(r) / n. 梳妆台；碗柜
drum / drQm / n. 鼓
each / i:tF / pron. 每个
eat / i:t / v. 吃
egg / eg / n. 蛋；鸡蛋
eight / eIt / num. 八
eighteen / 7eI5ti:n / num. 十八
eighteenth / 7eI5ti:nW / num. 第十八
eighth / eIW / num. 第八
eleven / I5levEn / num. 十一
eleventh / I5levEnW / num. 第十一
e-mail / 5i:meIl / n. （或email）电子邮件
English / 5INglIF / n. 英语；英文
eraser / I5reIzEr /, / I5reIzE / n. 橡皮；铅笔擦；黑板擦
evening / 5i:vnIN / n. 傍晚；黄昏；晚上
every / 5evrI / adj. 每一；每个
example / Ig5zAmpEl /, / Ig5zB:mpEl / n. 例子；实例
exciting / Ik5saItIN / adj. 令人激动的；振奋人心的
excuse / Ik5skju:z / v. 原谅；宽恕
excuse me 请原谅（客套语，用于与陌生人搭话，打断别人说话等场合）
family / 5fAmElI / n. 家；家庭
family name 姓氏
father / 5fB:TE(r) / n. 爸爸；父亲
favorite / 5feIvErIt / adj.&n. 最喜爱的（东西）
February / 5febjJerI /, / 5febjJErI / n. 二月
festival / 5festEvEl / n. （音乐，芭蕾舞，戏剧等之）节；节日
fifteen / 7fIf5ti:n / num. 十五
fifteenth / 7fIf5ti:nW / num. 第十五
fifth / fIfW / num. 第五
find / faInd / v. 寻找；查找
first / f\:st / num. 第一
first name 名字
five / faIv / num. 五
floor / flC:(r) / n. 地板；地面
food / fu:d / n. 食物
for / fC:(r) / prep. （表示目的或原因）为了
found / faJnd / adj. （find的过去式、过去分词）找回的
four / fC:(r) / num. 四
fourteen / 7fC:(r)5ti:n / num. 第十四
fourth / fC:(r)W / num. 第四
French fries / 5frentF 5fraIz / （=French fried potatoes）炸马铃薯；薯条
Friday / 5fraIdI / n. 星期五
friend / frend / n. 朋友
from / frB:m /, / frCm / prep. 从；从……起
fruit / fru:t / n. 水果
fun / fQn / adj. （口）有趣的；令人愉快的
funny / 5fQnI / adj. 有趣的；好玩的
furniture / 5f\:(r)nItFE(r) / n. 家具（总称）
game / geIm / n. 运动；游戏
get to 到达
get up 起床
girl / g\:(r)l / n. 女孩
go / gEJ / v. 去
go home 回家
go to a movie 去看电影
go to bed 上床睡觉
go to school 去上学
go to work 去上班
good / gJd / adj. 良好的；令人满意的
grandfather / 5grAnd7fB:TE(r) / n. 祖父；外祖父
grandmother / 5grAnd7mQTE(r) / n. 祖母；外祖母
grandparent / 5grAnd7perEnt /, / 5grAnd7peErEnt / n. 祖父（母）；外祖父（母）
great / greIt / adj. 美妙的；伟大的
green / gri:n / adj.&n. 绿色（的）
guitar / gI5tB:(r) / n. 吉他
hamburger / 5hAmb\:(r)gE(r) / n. 汉堡包
happy / 5hApI / adj. 愉快的；高兴的；满意的
Happy Birthday! 生日快乐！
has / hAz / v. （have的第三人称单数形式）有；吃；饮
hat / hAt / n. 帽子
have / hAv / v. 有
have / hAv / v. 吃；饮
have a look at 看一看；看一眼
he / hi: / pron. 他
healthy / 5helWI / adj. 健康的；强健的
hello / hE5lEJ / int. （表示问候）喂
help / help / v.&n. 帮助；援助
her / h\:(r) / pron. 她的
here / hIr /, / hIE / adv. 这里；在这里
Here you are. 给你。
he's （=he is）
hi / haI / int. （表示问候或打招呼）嗨
his / hIz / pron. 他的
history / 5hIstErI / n. 历史
hobby / 5hB:bI /, 5hCbI / n. 业余爱好；喜爱的话题
home / hEJm / adv. 家
homework / 5hEJmw\:(r)k / n. 家庭作业；课外作业
hotel / hEJ5tel / n. 旅馆
hour / 5aJr /, / 5aJE / n. 小时
how / haJ / adv. （指程度）多么；何等；怎样
how much （价钱）多少
how old 多大年纪；几岁
I / aI / pron. 我
ice / aIs / n. 冰
ice cream 冰淇淋
ID card （ID=identification）身份证
I'm （=I am）
in / In / prep. 用（表示方法，媒介，工具等）
in / In / prep. 在……里面
interesting / 5IntrIstIN / adj. 有趣的；令人赶兴趣的
is / Iz / v. 是
isn't （=is not）
it / It / pron. 它
it's （=it is）
January / 5dVAnjJerI /, / 5dVAnjJErI / n. 一月；正月
job / dVB:b /, / dVCb / n. 工作；零工；职务；职位
join / dVCIn / v. 参加；加入
July / dVJ5laI / n. 七月
June / dVu:n / n. 六月
key / ki: / n. 钥匙
kid / kId / n. 小孩；年轻人
kind / kaInd / n. 种类
know / nEJ / v. 知道；了解
kung fu / 7kQN5fu: / n. 中国功夫
last / lAst /, / lB:st / adj. 最后的；上一个的
last name 姓氏
learn / l\:(r)n / v. 学习；学会
let / let / v. 允许；让
let's （=let us）
letter / 5letE(r) / n. 信
life / laIf / n. 生活
like / laIk / v. 喜欢
list / lIst / n. 清单
listen / 5lIsEn / v. 听
little / 5lItl / adj. 少许的；少量的
long / lC:N /, / lCN / adj. 长的
look / lJk / v. 看；望；看起来
look / lJk / n. 看；注视
lost / lC:st /, / lCst / adj. 丢失的；遗失的
lost and found 失物招领
lot / lB:t /, / lCt / n. 许多；很多
lots of 大量； 许多
love / lQv / v. 爱；喜欢
lunch / lQntF / n. 午餐
many / 5menI / adj. 大量的
March / mB:(r)tF / n. 三月
math / mAW / n. 数学
May / meI / n. 五月
may / meI / modal v. 可能；可以
me / mi: / pron. 我（宾格）
meet / mi:t / v. 遇见；相逢
Miss / mIs / 小姐（冠于未婚妇女之姓或姓名之前的称呼）
mom / mB:m /, / mCm / n. （非正式用语）妈妈
Monday / 5mQndI / n. 星期一
month / mQnW / n. 月；月份
more / mC:(r) / pron. 更多的；更大的
morning / 5mC:(r)nIN / n. 早晨；上午
mother / 5mQTE(r) / n. 妈妈；母亲
movie / 5mu:vI / n. 电影
Mr / 5mIstE(r) / 先生（冠于男子之姓或姓名之前的称呼）
Mrs / 5mIsIz / 夫人；太太（冠于已婚妇女之姓或姓名之前的称呼）
music / 5mju:zIk / n. 音乐
musician / mju:zIFEn / n. 音乐家
my / maI / pron. 我的
name / neIm / n. 名字
name's （=name is）
need / ni:d / v. 需要
new / nu: /, / nju: / adj. 新的
next / nekst / adv. 然后；接下去
nice / naIs / adj. 好的；令人愉快的
night / naIt / n. 夜；夜间
nine / naIn / num. 九
nineteen / 7naIn5ti:n / num. 十九
nineteenth / 7naIn5ti:nW / num. 第十九
ninth / naInW / num. 第九
no / nEJ / adv. （表示否定）不；不是
notebook / 5nEJtbJk / n. 笔记本
November / nEJ5vembE(r) / n. 十一月
number / 5nQmbE(r) / n. 数；数字
o'clock / E5klB:k /, / E5klCk / adv. （=of the clock）.…..点钟（只用于正点）
October / Ck5tEJbE(r) / n. 十月
of / Ev / prep. （属于）……的
often / 5C:fEn /, / 5CfEn / adv. 时常；常常
oh / EJ / int. 啊；噢；呀（表示惊讶、恐惧等）
OK / 7EJ5keI / adj. 好；不错
old / EJld / adj. 年岁的；年老的；年长的
on / B:n /, / Cn / prep. 在……上
on sale 廉价出售；出售
one / wQn / num.&pron. 一（用来代替单数的人或物）
only / 5EJnlI / adv. 只；仅仅
opera / 5B:pErE /, / 5CpErE / n. 歌剧
or / C:(r) / conj. 或者；否则
orange / 5C:rIndV /, / 5CrIndV / n. 橙子；柑子
other / 5QTE(r) / pron. 另外的人（物）；其他的
our / 5aJr /, / 5aJE / pron. 我们的
P.E. / 7pi:5i: / abbr. （=physical education）体育
paint / peInt / v. 画画
pants / pAnts / n. （pl.）（美口）裤子
parent / 5perEnt /, / 5peErEnt / n. 父亲或母亲
partner / 5pB:(r)tnE(r) / n. 伙伴；合作者
party / 5pB:(r)tI / n. 晚会
pear / per /, / peE / n. 梨
pen / pen / n. 钢笔
pencil / 5pensEl / n. 铅笔
pencil case 铅笔盒；文具盒
pencil sharpener / 5pensEl 5FB:pE(r)nE(r) / 卷笔刀；铅笔刀
people / 5pi:pEl / n. 人；人民
phone / fEJn / n. 电话；电话机
phone number 电话号码
photo / 5fEJtEJ / n. 照片；相片
piano / pI5AnEJ / n. 钢琴
picture / 5pIktFE(r) / n. 图画
ping-pong / 5pIN7pB:N /, / 5pINpCN / n. 乒乓球
plant / plAnt /, / plB:nt / n. 植物
play / pleI / v. 玩；打球
play sports 做运动
please / pli:z / adv. （祈使句用作请求的客套话）请
plural / 5plJrEl /, / 5plJErEl / n. 复数；复数形式
plural / 5plJrEl /, / 5plJErEl / adj. 复数的
pm / 7pi:5em / abbr. （或p.m.）下午
price / praIs / n. 价格
question / 5kwestFEn / n. 问题；难题；询问；疑问
racket / 5rAkIt / n. （网球、羽毛球的）球拍
really / 5rIElI / adv. 事实上；无疑地；真正地
red / red / adj.&n. 红色（的）
relaxing / rI5lAksIN / adj. 轻松的
ring / rIN / n. 环（状物）；戒指
rock / rB:k /, / rCk / n. 摇滚乐
room / ru:m / n. 房间
ruler / 5ru:lE(r) / n. 尺；直尺
run / rQn / v. 跑；奔跑
runner / 5rQnE(r) / n. 普遍的人或动物
sad / sAd / adj. 悲哀的；悲伤的
salad / 5sAlEd / n. 沙拉
sale / seIl / n. 出售；廉售
Saturday / 5sAtE(r)dI / n. 星期六
scary / 5skerI /, / 5skeErI / adj. 可怕的；吓人的
school / sku:l / n. 学校
school day 学校上课日（非假日）
science / 5saIEns / n. 科学；（科学的）学科
second / 5sekEnd / num. 第二
see / si: / v. 看见
sell / sel / v. 卖；售；销
Semptember / sep5tembE(r) / n. 九月
seven / 5sevEn / num. 七
seventeen / 7sevEn5ti:n / num. 十七
望采纳
动物英语单词大全，英文动物儿歌

克《生命之书》1月之“了解自我”

January 23

1月23日



Self-knowledge is a process

自我了解是一个过程



So, to understand the innumerable problems that eachone of us has, is it not essential that there be self-knowledge? And that isone of the most difficult things, self-awareness— which does not mean anisolation, a withdrawal. Obviously, to know oneself is essential; but to knowoneself does not imply a withdrawal from relationship. And it would be amistake, surely, to think that one can know oneself significantly, completely,fully, through isolation, through exclusion, or by going to some psychologist,or to some priest; or that one can learn self-knowledge through a book.Self-knowledge is obviously a process, not an end in itself; and to knowoneself, one must be aware of oneself in action, which is relationship. Youdiscover yourself, not in isolation, not in withdrawal, but in relationship—inrelationship to society, to your wife, your husband, your brother, to man; butto discover how you react, what your responses are, requires an extraordinaryalertness of mind, a keenness of perception.

因此，要了解我们每个人面临的无数难题，自我了解难道不必要吗？并且，自我了解——那不意味着一种封闭、一种退缩——是最困难的事情之一。显而易见，了解自己是必要的，但了解自己不意味着从关系中退缩。毫无疑问，认为一个人能够通过离群索居、通过排斥，通过求助于某个心理学家、某个牧师完全、充分地了解自己，或者认为一个人能够通过某本书学会自我了解，是错误的想法。自我了解显然是一个过程，本身不是一个终点；要了解自己，一个人必须在行动中——即在关系中——觉察自己。你发现你自己的实质，不是在封闭隔离中，不是在退缩中，而是在关系中——在与社会的关系，与你的妻子、你的丈夫、你的兄弟的关系，与人的关系中；而要发现你怎样作出反应，你的反应是什么，需要心智的一种超凡警觉，一种敏锐的感知。



January 24

1月24日



The untethered mind

未被栓起来的心智



The transformation ofthe world is brought about by the transformation of oneself, because the selfis the product and a part of the total process of human existence. To transformoneself, self-knowledge is essential; without knowing what you are, there is nobasis for right thought, and without knowing yourself there cannot betransformation. One must know oneself as one is, not as one wishes to be, whichis merely an ideal and therefore fictitious, unreal; it is only that which isthat can be transformed, not that which you wish to be. To know oneself as oneis requires an extraordinary alertness of mind, because what is is constantlyundergoing transformation, change; and to follow it swiftly the mind must notbe tethered to any particular dogma or belief, to any particular pattern ofaction. If you would follow anything, it is no good being tethered. To knowyourself, there must be the awareness, the alertness of mind in which there isfreedom from all beliefs, from all idealization, because beliefs and idealsonly give you a color, perverting true perception. If you want to know what youare, you cannot imagine or have belief in something which you are not. If I amgreedy, envious, violent, merely having an ideal of nonviolence, of non-greed,is of little value....The understanding of what you are, whatever it be—ugly orbeautiful, wicked or mischievous—the understanding of what you are, withoutdistortion, is the beginning of virtue. Virtue is essential, for it givesfreedom.

世界的转变是由一个人自身的转变所带来的，因为自我是人类存在整个过程的产物和其中的一部分。要改变一个人自己，自我了解是必要的；不知道你是什么，就不存在正确思想的基础，不了解你自己，转变就不会发生。一个人必须如实——而不是按照一个人希望的样子，那只是一种理想，因而是虚构的、不真实的——了解自己。能够被转变的只有“实际是什么”，而不是“你希望是什么”。要如实了解自己需要一种极其警觉的心智，因为“实际是什么”一直在进行转化，要敏捷地跟踪其变化，心智必须不被栓到任何特别的信条、信仰或任何特别的行动模式上。如果你想要追踪任何东西，被栓着没有什么好处。要了解你自己，必须存在从所有信仰、所有理想化中解脱出来的自由，因为信仰和理想只是给你某种色彩，扭曲真正的感知。如果你想知道你是什么，你不能够想象或信仰某种你不是的东西。如果我贪婪、嫉妒、暴力，那么仅仅拥有非暴力、非贪婪的理想，没有什么价值… …对“你是什么”——无论是什么，丑还是美，不道德还是令人讨厌——的没有扭曲的理解，是美德的开始。美德是必要的，因为它提供自由。



January 25

1月25日

Activeself-knowledge

积极主动的自我了解

Withoutself-knowledge, experience breeds illusion; with self-knowledge, experience,which is the response to challenge, does not leave a cumulative residue asmemory. Self-knowledge is the discovery from moment to moment of the ways ofthe self, its intentions and pursuit, its thoughts and appetites. There cannever be “your experience” and “my experience”; the very term “my experience”indicates ignorance and the acceptance of illusion.

没有自我了解，经验就会产生错觉；伴随着自我了解，经验作为对挑战的反应，不留下作为记忆的积累性残余。自我了解是每时每刻对自我运作方式的发现，发现它的意图和追求、它的想法和嗜好。决不存在“你的经验”和“我的经验”；“我的经验”这种说法本身就显示出无知和对错觉的接受。



January 26

1月26日

Creativenessthrough self-knowledge

源自自我了解的创造性



...There is nomethod for self-knowledge. Seeking a method invariably implies the desire toattain some result and that is what we all want. We follow authority—if notthat of a person, then of a system, of an ideology because we want a resultthat will be satisfactory, which will give us security. We really do not wantto understand ourselves, our impulses and reactions, the whole process of ourthinking, the conscious as well as the unconscious; we would rather pursue asystem which assures us of a result. But the pursuit of a system is invariablythe outcome of our desire for security, for certainty, and the result isobviously not the understanding of oneself. When we follow a method, we musthave authorities—the teacher, the guru, the savior, the Master—who willguarantee us what we desire; and surely that is not the way to self-knowledge.

不存在达到自我了解的方法。寻求方法毫无疑问意味着达成某种结果，并且那种结果是我们都想要的。我们追随权威——如果不是个人的权威，那么就是制度、意识形态的权威——因为我们想要一种会让我们满意、会为我们提供安全的结果。我们确实不想了解我们自己——我们的冲动和反应，我们思考的整个过程，有意识的和无意识的——我们宁愿追求一种向我们确保某种结果的制度。但对某种制度的追求毫无疑问是我们渴望安全和确定性的产物，从而结果显然不是对一个人自身的了解。当我们遵循某种方法时，我们必定拥有权威——老师，上师，救世主，大师——他们向我们保证我们所期望的事情；而毫无疑问，这不是自我了解的途径。



Authorityprevents the understanding of oneself, does it not? Under the shelter of anauthority, a guide, you may have temporarily a sense of security, a sense ofwellbeing, but that is not the understanding of the total process of oneself.Authority in its very nature prevents the full awareness of oneself andtherefore ultimately destroys freedom; in freedom alone can there becreativeness. There can be creativeness only through self-knowledge.

权威阻碍对一个人自己的了解，难道不是吗？在某种权威、某种向导的庇护下，你可能暂时拥有某种安全感、某种幸福感，但这不是对一个人自身整个过程的了解。权威以其本质恰恰阻碍对一个人自己的完全觉察，从而最终破坏自由；而唯独在自由中才能够存在创造。只有通过自我了解才能够存在创造。



January 27

1月27日

Quiet mind, simple mind

安静的心智，简单的心智



When we are aware of ourselves, is not the wholemovement of living a way of uncovering the “me,” the ego, the self? The self isa very complex process which can be uncovered only in relationship, in our dailyactivities, in the way we talk, the way we judge, calculate, the way we condemnothers and ourselves. All that reveals the conditioned state of our ownthinking, and is it not important to be aware of this whole process? It is onlythrough awareness of what is true from moment to moment that there is discoveryof the timeless, the eternal. Without self-knowledge, the eternal cannot be.When we do not know ourselves, the eternal becomes a mere word, a symbol, aspeculation, a dogma, a belief, an illusion to which the mind can escape.

当我们觉察我们自己的时候，整个的生活运动难道不是揭示“我”——自我，小我——的一种方式吗？自我是一个非常复杂的过程，这个过程只能够在关系中、在我们的日常活动中——在我们的谈话方式中，在我们判断、算计的方式中，在我们谴责他人和我们自己的方式中——被揭示出来。那一切显示出我们自身思维的受制约状态，因而觉察到那整个的过程难道不重要吗？只有通过时时刻刻对真相的觉察，才能够发现超越时间的永恒之物。没有自我了解，永恒之物就不会出现。当我们不了解我们自己时，永恒之物只是一个词语、一种符号、一种推测、一种教条、一种信仰，一种心智能够躲到里面去的幻象。



But if one begins to understand the “me” in all itsvarious activities from day to day, then in that very understanding, withoutany effort, the nameless, the timeless comes into being. But the timeless isnot a reward for self-knowledge. That which is eternal cannot be sought after;the mind cannot acquire it. It comes into being when the mind is quiet, and themind can be quiet only when it is simple, when it is no longer storing up,condemning, judging, weighing. It is only the simple mind that can understandthe real, not the mind that is full of words, knowledge, information. The mindthat analyzes, calculates, is not a simple mind.

但如果一个人开始天天在其各种各样的活动中了解“我”，那么，恰恰在那种没有任何努力的了解中，那无法命名的超越时间之物就会出现。但超越时间之物不是对自我了解的一种奖赏。那永恒之物不能够被追求到；心智无法获得它；当心智安静时——只有当心智简单，当它不再积累、谴责、判断、衡量的时候，它才能够安静——它才会出现。只有简单的心智，而不是充满言词、知识和信息的心智，才能够理解真实之物。分析、算计的心智不是简单的心智。



January 28

1月28日

Self-knowing

自我了解



Without knowing yourself, do what you will, therecannot possibly be the state of meditation. I mean by “self-knowing,” knowingevery thought, every mood, every word, every feeling; knowing the activity ofyour mind—not knowing the Supreme Self, the big Self; there is no such thing;the Higher Self, the Atman, is still within the field of thought. Thought isthe result of your conditioning, thought is the response of your memory—ancestral or immediate. And merely to try to meditate without firstestablishing deeply, irrevocably, that virtue which comes about throughself-knowing, is utterly deceptive and absolutely useless.

没有自我了解，任你怎么做，冥想的状态都不会出现。我说的“自我了解”的意思是，明了每一个念头、每一种心情、每一个言词、每一种感受；知道你心智的活动——不是知道“高我”、“大我”；不存在这种东西；高我，灵魂，仍然是在思想的领域里。思想是你所受制约的产物，思想是你的记忆——祖传的记忆或直接的记忆——的反应。仅仅努力去冥想而不首先以深刻、不可撤销的方式建立那种通过自我了解产生的美德，是完全自欺欺人的，是毫无用处的。

Please, it isvery important for those who are serious, to understand this. Because if youcannot do that, your meditation and actual living are divorced, are apart—sowide apart that though you may meditate, taking postures indefinitely, for therest of your life, you will not see beyond your nose; any posture you take,anything that you do, will have no meaning whatsoever.

请注意，对于那些严肃认真的人来说，理解这一点是非常重要的。因为，如果你不理解这一点，那么你的冥想和实际生活就是分离的、分开的——相距如此遥远，以至于，尽管你冥想，终你一生无限地打坐，你不会看到你鼻子以外的东西；你采取的任何姿势，你做的任何事情，都将没有任何意义。

...It isimportant to understand what this self-knowing is, just to be aware, withoutany choice, of the “me” which has its source in a bundle of memories—just to beconscious of it without interpretation, merely to observe the movement of themind. But that observation is prevented when you are merely accumulatingthrough observation—what to do, what not to do, what to achieve, what not toachieve; if you do that, you put an end to the living process of the movementof the mind as the self. That is, I have to observe and see the fact, theactual, the what is. If I approach it with an idea, with an opinion — such as“I must not,” or “I must,” which are the responses of memory—then the movementof what is is hindered, is blocked; and therefore, there is no learning.

理解这种自我了解是非常重要的。自我了解就是：仅仅觉察到源自一堆记忆的“我”而没有任何选择——仅仅意识到它而没有诠释，仅仅观察心智的运动。但是，当你只是通过观察积累“做什么或不做什么”、“做到什么或不做到什么”时，那种观察就被阻止了；如果你那样做的话，你就结束了那种作为“自我”的心智的活生生的运动过程。就是说，我必须观察、看到事实——实际发生的事情，实际是什么——如果我带着某种观念、带着某种意见——诸如“我不应该如何”或“我应该如何”，这些都是记忆的反应——观察它，那么“实际是什么”的运动就受到了阻碍，从而不存在学习了解。



January 29

1月29日

Creative emptiness

创造性的空无

Can you not just listen to this as the soil receivesthe seed and see if the mind is capable of being free, empty? It can be emptyonly by understanding all its own projections, its own activities, not off andon, but from day to day, from moment to moment. Then you will find the answer,then you will see that the change comes without your asking, that the state ofcreative emptiness is not a thing to be cultivated—it is there, it comesdarkly, without any invitation, and only in that state is there a possibilityof renewal, newness, revolution.

难道你不能够像土壤接纳种子一样聆听这一点，看到心智是否能变得自由、空无吗？只有通过了解其自身的投射、其自身的活动——不是断断续续地了解，而是天天、时时了解——心智才能变得空无。那时你会发现答案。那时你会看到变化不请自来，看到创造性的空无状态不是一种需要培养的东西——它就在那里，它悄悄来到，不经任何邀请。只有在那种创造性的空无状态中，才存在更新、革命的可能。





January 30

1月30日

Self-knowledge

自我了解



Right thinkingcomes with self-knowledge. Without understanding yourself, you have no basisfor thought; without self-knowledge what you think is not true.

正确的思考随着自我了解而出现。不了解你自己，你就没有思想的基础；没有自我了解，你所想的就失去了真实性。

You and the worldare not two different entities with separate problems; you and the world areone. Your problem is the world’s problem. You may be the result of certaintendencies, of environmental influences, but you are not differentfundamentally from another. Inwardly we are very much alike; we are all drivenby greed, ill will, fear, ambition, and so on. Our beliefs, hopes, aspirationshave a common basis. We are one; we are one humanity, though the artificialfrontiers of economics and politics and prejudice divide us. If you killanother, you are destroying yourself. You are the center of the whole, and withoutunderstanding yourself you cannot understand reality.

你和世界不是两个拥有各种不同问题的不同实体；你和世界是一体的，你的问题就是世界的问题。你可能是特定倾向性和环境影响的产物，但从根本上说你与他人不是不同的。在内心里我们是非常相似的：我们都受到贪婪、恶意、恐惧、野心等等的驱使；我们的信仰、希望和抱负拥有共同的基础。我们是一体的；我们是统一的人类，尽管人为的经济、政治边界和偏见把我们划分开。如果你杀害另一个人，你就是在毁灭你自己。你是整个世界的中心；不了解你自己，你就无法了解现实。

We have anintellectual knowledge of this unity but we keep knowledge and feeling indifferent compartments and hence we never experience the extraordinary unity ofman.

我们拥有关于这种统一性的知识，但我们把知识和感受保存在不同的隔离区间里，所以，我们从未经验超凡的人类统一性。



January 31

1月31日



Relationship is amirror

关系是一面镜子



Self-knowledge isnot according to any formula. You may go to a psychologist or a psychoanalystto find out about yourself, but that is not self-knowledge. Self-knowledge,comes into being when we are aware, of ourselves in relationship, which showswhat we are from moment to moment. Relationship is a mirror in which to seeourselves as we actually are.

自我了解不是按照任何模式去做。你也许求助于某个心理学家或精神分析师发现你自己，但那不是自我了解。当我们在关系中觉察我们自己的时候，自我了解就出现了；因为关系时时展示我们是什么。关系是一面让我们如实看到我们自己的镜子。

But most of usare incapable of looking at ourselves as we are in relationship, because weimmediately begin to condemn or justify what we see. We judge, we evaluate, wecompare, we deny or accept, but we never observe actually what is, and for mostpeople this seems to be the most difficult thing to do; yet this alone is thebeginning of self-knowledge. If one is able to see oneself as one is in thisextraordinary mirror of relationship which does not distort, if one can justlook into this mirror with full attention and see actually what is, be aware ofit without condemnation, without judgment, without evaluation—and one does thiswhen there is earnest interest—then one will find that the mind is capable offreeing itself from all conditioning; and it is only then that the mind is freeto discover that which lies beyond the field of thought.

但我们大多数人不能够在关系中如实看我们自己，因为，我们立即就开始谴责我们所看到的，或为其辩护。我们判断，我们评价，我们比较，我们拒绝或接受，但我们从未真正观察“实际是什么”；对大多数人来说，这是最难做的事情；而唯独这样做才会开始自我了解。如果一个人能够在这面不扭曲的超凡关系之镜中如实看到自己，如果一个人能够用完整的注意力看这面镜子，真正看到“实际是什么”，觉察而没有谴责、判断和评价——当存在最认真诚挚的兴趣时，一个人会做到这一点——那么一个人会发现，心智有能力将自身从所有的制约中解放出来；并且只有这时，心智才会自由地发现思想领域之外的东西。

After all,however learned or however petty the mind may be, it is consciously orunconsciously limited, conditioned, and any extension of this conditioning isstill within the field of thought. So freedom is something entirely different.

归根结底，无论心智多么博学或多么琐碎，它有意无意地受到局限、制约，并且，这种制约的任何扩展都仍然是在思想的范围内。所以，自由是某种完全不同的东西。

求助翻译一下文

ōmisokais the second-most important day in Japanese tradition because it is the final day of the old year and the eve of New Year's Day, likewise the most important day of the year.
In the weeks prior to year's end, Japanese people hold bōnenkai（December 29th to January 3rd） or "forget-the-year meetings." Many employers hold these parties to reward their employees for their service during the past year.
People will also do ōsōji, major housecleaning, is part of the New Year's tradition. The equivalent of "spring cleaning" Japanese households are cleaned thoroughly towards the beginning of the New Year. Once the house is clean, a lot of cooking is done to prepare for the traditional New Year's meals.
Shortly before midnight on New Year's Eve Toshi-koshi soba, which literally translates to "Across the Years Noodles", are served in houses and temples across Japan just before midnight and eaten as the New Year occurs. At midnight, gongs at local temples are rung 108 times, once to eliminate each type of greed, and is broadcast throughout Japan.
New year in Japan is also a holiday of food. Janpanese will take the breakfast of January Sushi with traditional snakes and in the foling three days they should be vegetarinian and do not eat any meat to prey for good luck.And then they go to temples which is also a traditinal holiday.
On January 7th, Japanese eat Nanakusa-no-sekku.The nanakusa are seven edible wild herbs of spring.
All of these are the brif intrduction to the Japanese New year.
希望你能早点给分呢，虽然有一些部分是根据意思意译的，但是我觉得意思基本全了